Manufacturing Technology Journal, 2025 (vol. 25), issue 3
Quality Prediction of Spheroidal Graphite Cast Iron for Machine Tool Parts
Jan Bredl
Manufacturing Technology 2025, 25(3):287-296 | DOI: 10.21062/mft.2025.032 
Today, considerable attention is paid to the production of solid castings (approx. 2000 kg) from cast iron with spheroidal graphite. The metallurgical preparation of large quantities of melt is very difficult. This difficulty is related not only to the melting and preparation of large quantities of melt, but above all to its metallurgical treatment - inoculation and modification. Melt modification ensures the production of cast iron with spheroidal graphite. Material castings, such as machine tool components, cannot be destroyed to determine the quality of the cast iron produced. Therefore, this paper outlines a methodology to proceed in determining...
Comparison of Bearing Surface Quality Parameters for Wind Turbines
Mariana Janeková, Daniela Koštialiková, Dana Bakošová, Andrej Dubec, Alžbeta Bakošová, Jana Králiková
Manufacturing Technology 2025, 25(3):297-306 | DOI: 10.21062/mft.2025.033
The thesis deals with the surface treatments of bearing steel processed for wind turbines, on which the quality parameters of the surface treatments performed were compared. This is blackening, which is a method of surface treatment that allows the protection of the base material from the negative effects of external influences, in particular from moisture and associated corrosion. The application of surface treatment by blackening contributes to a better and more efficient start-up of the bearing in service. In the experimental part, the individual results of the structural analysis carried out for all types of materials investigated are evaluated,...
Analysis and Optimization of Horizontal Centrifugal Casting Process for Thick Walled Alloy Layers in Tilting Pad Bearings
Ye Jun, Jin Jing, Wang Guobiao, Xu Zhaohui, Guo Huangsha
Manufacturing Technology 2025, 25(3):307-317 | DOI: 10.21062/mft.2025.034
The optimization of process parameters plays a critical role in controlling temperature and velocity fields during centrifugal casting, which is essential for mitigating shrinkage porosity defects caused by uneven cooling in thick walled bearing alloy layers. In this study, two sequential numerical models were devel-oped using ProCAST software to simulate gravity filling and centrifugal solidification stages. The effects of key parameters, including inlet cross-sectional area and centrifugal rotational speed, on flow field characteristics were systematically analyzed. By using an orthogonal experimental design, we deter-mined the optimal parameters:...
Analysis of the Influence of Preparation Technology on the Structure and Properties of the CuZn10 Alloy
Anna Knaislová, Jakub Kabrle
Manufacturing Technology 2025, 25(3):318-330 | DOI: 10.21062/mft.2025.044
The CuZn10 alloy, a prominent brass variant known for its excellent cold formability, corrosion resistance, and suitability for various cold forming processes such as bending and stamping, finds widespread application across numerous industries. Optimizing its performance for specific industrial demands necessitates a thorough understanding of how different preparation technologies influence its intrinsic properties. This study provides a comprehensive examination into the impact of various processing routes on both the structural evolution and mechanical characteristics of deep-drawing CuZn10 brass. Utilizing advanced analytical techniques, including...
Methodology for Comprehensive Testing and Optimization of Gears for Torsional Strength
Paweł Knast, Jana Petrů, Stanislaw Legutko, Lubomir Soos, Marcela Pokusova, Przemysław Borecki
Manufacturing Technology 2025, 25(3):331-340 | DOI: 10.21062/mft.2025.031
The article described a new methodology for testing the torsional resistance of a single-stage gear transmission used in agricultural machinery. The analysis encompassed the entire mechanical system rather than focusing solely on its individual components. The research identified three key ranges of structural resistance. The first range, with twist angles from 0° to 1.85° and torques up to 1050 Nm, was associated with the elimination of structural play and the alignment of contact surfaces. The second range, from 1.85° to 4.76° and torques up to 3450 Nm, confirmed the resilient behavior of the gearbox according to Hooke's law. In this range, the system...
Frequency Dependence of Glass Transition Temperature of Thermoplastics in DMA Analysis
Marcel Kohutiar, Zbyněk Studený, Michal Krbata, Milan Jus, Pavol Mikuš, Ingrid Kovaříková
Manufacturing Technology 2025, 25(3):341-347 | DOI: 10.21062/mft.2025.043
The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of oscillatory loading frequency on the dynamic-mechanical properties of 3D printed thermoplastics, namely acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS), glycol-modified polyethylene terephthalate (PETG), and polylactide, also known as polylactic acid (PLA). The investigated samples were manufactured using fused filament fabrication (FFF) technology and tested at different oscillation frequencies (1, 5, 10, 15 and 20 Hz). Dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) demonstrated that an increase in the oscillation frequency causes an increase in the glass transition temperature (Tg) for all analyzed materials, while...
Surface Treatment of Nylon Filters with Thin Layers of Ti, Cu, and Zr Metals and AgCu Alloys using PVD Magnetron Sputtering Technology
Anna Krobotová, Totka Bakalova, Michal Krafka, Magdalena Mrózek, Lucie Svobodová, Pavel Kejzlar, Blanka Tomková
Manufacturing Technology 2025, 25(3):348-356 | DOI: 10.21062/mft.2025.045
The development and characterizing of thin layers of AgCu, Cu, Ti, and Zr on nylon filters using PVD magnetron sputtering technology was conducted. The evaluation of these thin layers was mainly focused on characterizing specific parameters that may influence the expected functionality of the modified filter materials. The surface treatment of nylon filters with thin layers does not significantly affect the mechanical properties of the original nylon material. Thin layers deposited at a power of 0.9 kW exhibited greater thickness and lower static friction coefficient values than the layers deposited at 0.4 kW, except for a thin layer of the element...
Influence of Surface Preparation on XRD Peak Parameters and Residual Stress Measurements
Pavel Salvetr, Aleksandr Gokhman, Jan Drahokoupil
Manufacturing Technology 2025, 25(3):357-365 | DOI: 10.21062/mft.2025.037
X-ray diffraction (XRD) is an analytical technique used to investigate the crystal structure properties of materials. However, the accuracy of XRD measurements can be significantly affected by the sam-ple's surface preparation. This study evaluates the impact of various surface preparation methods on the diffraction peak characteristics, phase composition, and residual stress analysis of two metallic materials: very low alloyed iron-based alloy labelled as pure iron and hardened 54SiCr6 steel. Various final steps of metalographic preparation of the surface for XRD were used, including mechanical grinding with coarse (P120) and fine (P1200) sandpapers,...
The Effect of Annealing Conditions on Copper's Brittleness and Powder Production Efficiency
Falah Mustafa Al- Saraireh
Manufacturing Technology 2025, 25(3):366-373 | DOI: 10.21062/mft.2025.035
Recycling copper wire to produce the correct copper powder extends the environmentally friendly alternative to traditional refining techniques. That exploration research uses different annealed envi-ronments to regulate the embrittlement and ease of the crunch of the copper wire, with a particular focus on the variations in temperature and the consequences of the atmosphere. The study included heat conductor copper wire in the wind and a synthesis gas mixture (40 % H2, 60 % N2) within a tem-perature range of 250 °C to 850 °C with a duration of either 30 or 60 minutes. Several trials were carried out to measure the influence of the treatment, including...
Features of Locomotive Adhesive Mass Utilization in a Braking Mode
Stanislav Semenov, Evgeny Mikhailov, Oleksandr Spivak, Ján Dižo, Miroslav Blatnický, Martin Bučko
Manufacturing Technology 2025, 25(3):374-382 | DOI: 10.21062/mft.2025.040
The magnitude of a locomotive's traction and braking forces is directly related to its adhesive mass, which largely determines its tractive and braking characteristics. Therefore, an important task is to maximize the utilization of the locomotive's adhesive mass. The degree of adhesive mass utilization is determined by more factors and is quantitatively characterized by the Adhesive Mass Utilization Coeffi-cient (AMUC). One of the ways to increase the AMUC is to improve the locomotive's lever-type brake transmission. In braking mode, it interacts with the wheelsets and the bogie frame and may block the operation of the first stage of the suspension...
Process Prediction and Force Measurement of Hot Rolling Process for 6061 Aluminum Alloy Wire
Jinn-Jong Sheu, En-Hsuan Chien
Manufacturing Technology 2025, 25(3):383-395 | DOI: 10.21062/mft.2025.041
This study examines the two-pass hot rolling process of 6061 aluminum alloy wire, focusing on forming load measurement to evaluate process stability and its effects on dimensional accuracy and mechanical property uniformity. Using response surface methodology (RSM), process parameters and forming loads were analyzed to assess their influence on mechanical property distribution and verify the applicability of load measurement in process quality evaluation. A full-factorial finite element simulation was conducted to investigate the effects of pre-forming section reduction rate, material temperature, roll speed, and friction coefficient. Experimental...
Thermal Analysis of Micro Plasma Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing Deposition Process
Siti Khairiyah Sulaiman, Mohd Rizal Alkahari, Mohd Juzaila Abd Latif, Yupiter Harangan Prasada Manurung, Keval Priapratama Prajadhiana
Manufacturing Technology 2025, 25(3):396-404 | DOI: 10.21062/mft.2025.039
Additive manufacturing (AM) is rapidly developing with emerging technology of wire arc additive manufacturing (WAAM) process due to its ability to manufacture large components and high deposition rate. However, WAAM faces mechanical properties problems like porosity, distortion, and strength due to the large heat affected zone (HAZ) from commonly used heat sources such as metal inert gas (MIG) and tungsten inert gas (TIG). Utilization of micro plasma as the heat source should reduce this problem since it has a smaller heat source diameter. Therefore, this study investigates the thermal distribution of micro plasma wire arc additive manufacturing (MPWAAM)...
Effect of Thermal Ageing on Changes in Modulus of Elasticity E Measured by Ultrasound, Bending Test and EBSD
Jana Vesela, Petr Beneš, David Bricín
Manufacturing Technology 2025, 25(3):405-412 | DOI: 10.21062/mft.2025.038
The materials used in VVER nuclear power plants are subject to thermal ageing in operation, among other degradation mechanisms. The aim of the experiment was to verify the effect of thermal ageing on the change of ultrasound velocity on the extracted parts of main circulation piping and pressurizer surge line made of austenitic steels. Two steel conditions were evaluated, as received and thermally aged. The research was carried out on samples made from non-operated pipelines and samples from pipelines after 28 years of operation. The samples were subjected to thermal ageing at 450 °C in an atmospheric furnace with a specified exposure time to simulate...
Titanium Alloy Turning Machining Model and Quality Analysis Based on Finite Element Analysis
Zhenhua Wang, Haifang Yin
Manufacturing Technology 2025, 25(3):413-423 | DOI: 10.21062/mft.2025.036
Workpiece fabrication of titanium alloy is widely used in several high-end fields. In this study, finite element analysis of titanium alloy turning process is carried out and the turning process is modeled by using material properties and intrinsic equations. Then the power transmission of centerless lathe is controlled in the machining process, so as to obtain the performance calculation of different process parameters on cutting force, chips, and residual stress. The analysis of the simulation and experimental data yielded that when the tool travel speed was 1 m/min, the radial force increased to a maximum value of 150N. When the depth of cut was...
Effect of Brass Solder Composition on Quality in Laser Welding of Solar Panel Busbar
Wei Xiaohua, Zheng Mingliang
Manufacturing Technology 2025, 25(3):424-430 | DOI: 10.21062/mft.2025.042
In order to reveal the action mechanism of different brass solder compositions on the microstructure of weld joints in unleaded-tin-coated coppers brazing-stitch welding, the laser welding process of solar panel busbar was studied by using three different coated brass solders: Sn-37Bi-3Ag, Sn-42Bi-3Ag and Sn-47Bi-3Ag. Scanning electron microscope, energy spectrometer, X-ray diffractometer, tensile testing machine and Vickers microhardness tester were used to test and analyze the influence of Bi element content on the microstructure and mechanical properties of weld joints in solar panel busbar brazing-stitch welding. The results show that: (1) With...