Manufacturing Technology Journal, 2022 (vol. 22), issue 3
Effects of Heat Treatment on Additively Manufactured 316L Stainless Steel
Karolína Burdová, Hana Jirková, Ludmila Kučerová, Ivana Zetková, Josef Mach
Manufacturing Technology 2022, 22(3):261-266 | DOI: 10.21062/mft.2022.042 
The microstructure and mechanical properties of selectively laser melting (SLM)-manufactured 316L stainless steele were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy, tensile testing at ambient tempera-ture and Charpy impact test. These samples were compared with as-built samples. Following heat treatment conditions were used: 500 °C for 2/4 hours, 650 °C for 2 hours and 900 °C for 1 hour. Coo-ling took place in furnace and in furnace with opened valve. Compared to as built samples the heat treatment at lower temperature negatively influenced elongation but increased the amount of energy absorbed by material during fracture.
Influence of Steel Fibers Content on Selected Mechanical Properties - Experimental Tests
Agnieszka Czajkowska, Manuela Ingaldi
Manufacturing Technology 2022, 22(3):267-278 | DOI: 10.21062/mft.2022.039
The continuous development of construction due to the great needs of society and industry, the need to build newer and more durable buildings have meant that scientists all the time look for new opportunities to improve the quality of materials used in this field. Above all, concrete, as material commonly used in construction, has been the subject of research for many years in order to improve the properties. Already in antiquity there were the first attempts to modify the building material with fibers. Initially, they were organic fibers. However, the first patent dates from 1874, when A. Bernard patented the idea of strengthening concrete with steel...
Influence of Energy Ratio of Hybrid Heat Source on Residual Stress Distribution of 7A52 Aluminum Alloy VPPA-MIG Hybrid Welding
S.M. Gan, Y.Q. Han, X.Y. Bao
Manufacturing Technology 2022, 22(3):279-287 | DOI: 10.21062/mft.2022.033
Variable Polarity Plasma Arc-Metal Inert Gas (VPPA-MIG) welding process is a new hybrid welding process with broad application prospects for aluminum alloy structure in the fields of aerospace manufacturing, transportation and others. The heat source of the hybrid welding process is composed of VPPA heat source and MIG heat source. When the total input energy of VPPA-MIG hybrid heat source is constant, the different energy ratio of VPPA arc and MIG arc affects not only the forming effect of hybrid weld, but also the stress distribution of hybrid welding joint. Hole-drilling method was used to analyze the influence of the ratio of VPPA and MIG arc energy...
The Progress of Bainitic Transformation During Austempering in Connection with the Alloying of Unconventional AHS Steels
Štěpán Jeníček, Kateřina Opatová, Ludmila Kučerová, Ivan Vorel
Manufacturing Technology 2022, 22(3):288-296
Incomplete bainitic transformation during austempering treatment is mainly caused by the supersatu-ration of austenite with carbon. Such supersaturated austenite becomes more stable and further stabi-lization is led by silicon alloying. Stable austenite does not transform and remains in the structure as so-called residual austenite. Therefore, carbides, which are desirable in a conventional bainitic struc-ture, cannot be formed and carbide free bainite is formed. The positive effect of silicon and carbon on austenite stabilization in CFB structures has already been demonstrated and described. However, another element that is crucial in the incomplete...
Using Six Sigma DMAIC Cycle to Improve Workplace Safety in the Company from Automotive Branch: A Case Study
Krzysztof Knop
Manufacturing Technology 2022, 22(3):297-306 | DOI: 10.21062/mft.2022.040
The article presents the results of the use Six Sigma DMAIC cycle to improve workplace safety and decrease the cost associated with work accidents in the company from the automotive branch. Selected tools of the DMAIC cycle were used at each stage: the project card and the Pareto-Lorenz diagram at the define (D) stage, the matrix diagram at the measure (M) stage, the Ishikawa diagram with the verification of causes at the analysis (A) stage, the 5WHY method at the improve (I) stage and the c control chart at the control (C) stage. Each of the successive stages was based on the results of the previous one in order to achieve a lasting solution for the...
Erosion Modelling of Structural Materials in the Working Space of Multistage Convective Dryers
Jan Krmela, Kristina Berladir, Oleksandr Pozovnyi, Nadiia Artyukhova
Manufacturing Technology 2022, 22(3):307-318 | DOI: 10.21062/mft.2022.044
The application of different structural materials to manufacture basic parts of drying units of various types was analyzed. It has been established that surface erosion of materials resulting from solid par-ticles' impact is a serious problem for many industrial equipment types using multiphase flow. It is shown that the value of the erosion rate depends on the local particle impact velocity and the impact angle and can be calculated using the software Ansys Fluent 18. The basic principles and criteria for selecting materials for the manufacture of chemical equipment were substantiated. The behavior of steel and polymer material for shelf contact of...
Design and Test of an Automatic Husking and Peeling Machine for Fresh Lotus Seeds
Xue Lin, Jianxi Zhu, Pengcheng Huang, Liquan Tian, Bin Chen
Manufacturing Technology 2022, 22(3):319-326 | DOI: 10.21062/mft.2022.036
There are regional differences, variety differences and maturity differences in fresh lotus seeds. The parameters of husking and peeling machine working parts need to be adjusted in real time according to the processing effect. In response to the problems with the machine on the market including complicated transmission, difficult interconnectedness and adjustment of various working parts, etc., an automatic husking and peeling machine for fresh lotus seeds with the husking module and peeling module as the core devices has been designed. On the basis of the kinematic analysis of fresh lotus seed circulation process, a grooved wheel feeding mechanism...
Degradation of 3D Printed Polymer Composites with Filler of Cellulose-Based Materials
Dominik Piš, Hana Pouzarová, Kristýna Hanušová
Manufacturing Technology 2022, 22(3):327-333 | DOI: 10.21062/mft.2022.041
Today, the emphasis is on the production of materials that are degradable in nature and on produc-tion with modern technologies. In order for these materials to find a suitable use, they need to be exposed to the conditions that may arise in the application. The effect of degradation was assessed for composite materials with a PLA matrix and a natural-based filler, which were processed by 3D printing technology. The progress of degradation in the climate chamber was monitored over a peri-od of 6 weeks. The results are determined by static tensile test and hardness test and the difference in weights of the test bodies. The test results confirmed. During...
Surface Quality of a Groove after Trochoidal Milling with a Monolithic Ceramic Milling Cutter
Silvia Slabejová, Jozef Holubjak, Tatiana Czánová, Pavol Timko, Andrej Horák, Denis Prokein
Manufacturing Technology 2022, 22(3):334-341 | DOI: 10.21062/mft.2022.031
Hard-to-machine materials conclude a variety of materials. In this group of materials are high-strength, hardness-resistant steels, such as austenitic steels, but also non-ferrous alloys with high cor-rosion, heat resistance and strength based on nickel, titanium or cobalt, etc. For machining of these materials, it is necessary to choose suitable tools. The improper cutting tool can cause an increase in geometric inaccuracies, rapid wear, etc. Cutting material is an important factor during designing of cutting tools. A combination of a proper cutting tool with the trochoidal milling can reduce maching time, extend tool lifetime and reduce production costs.
Partial Substitution of Mn by Al in the Cocrfenimnxal20-X (X=5, 10, 15) High Entropy Alloy Prepared of Mechanical Alloying and Spark Plasma Sintering
Hana Thürlová, Filip Průša
Manufacturing Technology 2022, 22(3):342-346 | DOI: 10.21062/mft.2022.045
High-entropy alloys are known to possed good mechanical properties which are usually related to the preparation technique. In this work, the CoCrFeNiMnXAl20-X (X=5, 10, 15) alloys were prepared by a combination of mechanical alloying (MA) and com-pacted via spark plasma sintering (SPS). Such prepared materials were examined for their phase composition and microstructure. Furthermore, their mechanical properties as a result of the content of Mn/Al were determined. It was found, that the partial substitution of Mn by Al lead to increasing the volume content of the solid solution with BCC crystallographic lattice within the ultrafine-grained microstructure...
Analysis of Parameters of Sintered Metal Components Created by ADAM and SLM Technologies
Pavol Timko, Tatiana Czánová, Andrej Czán, Silvia Slabejová, Jozef Holubjak, Miroslav Cedzo
Manufacturing Technology 2022, 22(3):347-355 | DOI: 10.21062/mft.2022.032
Atomic Diffusion Additive Manufacturing (ADAM) is a recent metal sintering process based on known composite printing technology. ADAM can be classified as indirect additive production using fibre of metal powder bound in a plastic matrix. The plastic binder allows the metal powder to remain in place when is printing. Thus, a "green part" is printed and then the plastic binder is removed by the post-washing and sintering process. The aim of this work is providing a brief description of the ADAM process patented by Markforged. Furthermore, the main task was to compare the technology with other sintering technology, namely SLM technology. It works on...
Influence of the Welding Process on the Quality of PVC Frames
Mateusz Wygoda, Marcin Paprocki, Wacław Adamczyk
Manufacturing Technology 2022, 22(3):356-366 | DOI: 10.21062/mft.2022.037
This paper focuses on the technical and practical aspects arising during the process of window production. One of the phases in the window manufacturing process is welding PVC corners. Therefore, the main subject is flexural strength of PVC welds in the context of the required quality. In the first part of the paper, the authors highlighted the factors and conditions of the welding process and their influence on the final properties. In the next part of the study attention is mainly paid to the temperature control, which is often the cause of quality problems with welding corners. The welding process was conducted with the use of three types of welding...
Theoretical and Experimental Study on the Influence of Ultrasonic Vibration on Contact Friction
Changli Zha, Shenlong Zha
Manufacturing Technology 2022, 22(3):367-376 | DOI: 10.21062/mft.2022.038
The effects of punch radius, deep-drawing speed and amplitude on the friction coefficient were studied on an improved drawing-bulging friction coefficient testing device on basis of ultrasonic vibration. A contact friction model based on the tribology theory of adhesion and plowing was constructed and used to explain the friction reduction phenomenon of applied out-of-plane normal vibration. The results show that the friction coefficient decreases with the increase of ultrasonic vibration amplitude. At the same deep-drawing height, the friction coefficient decreasing rates at amplitude of 7.8um and 10.1 um on the deep-drawing speed of 0.1 mm/s and...
Research on Grinding Parameters of Parts with Same Clamping Mode and Different Sizes
Hua Zhang, Hua Chen, Lai Hu
Manufacturing Technology 2022, 22(3):377-383 | DOI: 10.21062/mft.2022.035
Aiming to study the influence of ultra-precision grinding parameters on the accuracy between the same clamping method and different workpiece sizes. This paper mainly analyzes the difference between the measurement precision of different parts by the same measurement method and the measurement precision of the same parts by different measurement methods. Therefore, the influence of grinding parameters on grinding precision is reflected. For the same part, it is concluded that the coaxiality error coincidence degree at end A and end B reaches 90.32% and 95.27%, respectively by using precision three-coordinate measuring instrument and Mahr roundness...
Analysis of the Effect of Preset Surface Texture on Hard State Cutting
Changlong Zhao, Chen Ma, Zhenrong Ma, Junbao Yang, Ming Li
Manufacturing Technology 2022, 22(3):384-394 | DOI: 10.21062/mft.2022.034
In this paper, the electric discharge perforation technology is used to preset surface texture, which effectively suppresses the generation of large cutting forces in the hard cutting process, avoids the aggravation of tool wear, and improves the service life of the tool. Use CBN tools to hard-cut GCr15 hardened steel, design three-factor non-textured orthogonal cutting simulation and experiment about cutting depth, cutting speed, and feed rate, and use range, variance and signal-to-noise ratio methods to simulate and experiment data is analyzed to determine the best combination of cutting parameters and the degree of influence of each parameter on...