Manufacturing Technology Journal, 2022 (vol. 22), issue 4
Thermal Stability of Organic Coatings for Aluminium and Its Environmental Aspects
Tatjana Brovdyová, Jiří Čmelík, Zdeňka Kwoczynski, Jaroslava Svobodová, Štefan Michna, Tomáš Svorník
Manufacturing Technology 2022, 22(4):396-400 | DOI: 10.21062/mft.2022.050 
Thermal stability of organic coatings for aluminum plays a key role not only in specific applications, but also in the recycling process of aluminum scrap. For production of secondary aluminum it is necessary to remove coatings from scrap. Rests of unremoved coatings affect the quality of final aluminum. Most of methods for coatings removing are based on thermal decomposition. This process leads to emission of various organic compounds which present potential risk for human health and also for environment. Thermal stability of all tested coatings with in-creasing temperature was study with use of thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Significant degradation...
Experimental Measurements on a Stand for a Grain Sampler
Eliška Cézová, František Lopot, Martin Machac, Josef Kamenický
Manufacturing Technology 2022, 22(4):401-407 | DOI: 10.21062/mft.2022.047
This paper describes experimental measurements of travel rollers on a polyurethane thread. This exper-iment took place at the CTU Faculty of Mechanical Engineering in the laboratory of the Department of Design and Machine Parts. The experiment was performed within the project of a lightweight type of sampler, designed by a team of collaborators from our institute for OK Servis BioPro, s.r.o. For the new-ly designed type of sampler, it was necessary to determine the operation of a newly designed grain sampler. The load of the rollers is different in each environment. This paper presents the average values from the measurement, including its evaluation....
Influence of the Setting on the Result of Measuring the Roundness of the Cylindrical and Conical Surface
Augustín Görög
Manufacturing Technology 2022, 22(4):408-413 | DOI: 10.21062/mft.2022.055
When measuring roundness, accurately adjusting the measured part is very important. The axis of the measured part must be perpendicular to the section where the roundness is measured. If this fails, a systematic error will occur. It depends on the size of the inclination of the surface during the meas-urement. The paper presents mathematical relations to calculate the error when measuring roundness on a cylindrical and conical surface. It analyses the influence of the inclination and the parameters of the measured area on this error. The theoretically determined values are compared with the practical-ly measured roundness values. The error harms the...
Analysis of the Effect of Heat Treatment and Corrosion Load on the Microstructure and Microhardness of the Ti6Al4V Alloy
Iryna Hren, Sylvia Kuśmierczak, Roman Horký, Jaromír Mach
Manufacturing Technology 2022, 22(4):414-422 | DOI: 10.21062/mft.2022.058
In terms of physical and chemical properties, titanium and its alloys are among the most important construction materials today. The Ti6Al4V alloy can be classified among high-strength materials with good plasticity, corrosion resistance and other valuable properties. When performing operations associated with long-term heating of workpieces and parts made of titanium alloys in an air atmosphere, a TiO2 layer is formed on the surface of the product. Ti6Al4V alloy, also known as Ti64, in terms of microstructure is a two-phase alloy formed by α+β solid solutions, which has excellent corrosion resistance and biocompatibility. This alloy is also...
CoCrFeNiTi High Entropy Alloy Prepared via Mechanical Alloying and Spark Plasma Sintering
Petr Kratochvíl, Filip Průša
Manufacturing Technology 2022, 22(4):423-428 | DOI: 10.21062/mft.2022.049
Mechanical alloying and subsequent compaction with spark plasma sintering was chosen for the fabrication of investigated CoCrFeNiTi alloy method. The alloy was characterized in terms of chemical and phase composition with X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction spectrometry, respectively. The microstructure was examined using light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy equipped with an energy dispersion spectrometer. The alloy showed an ultra-fine grained uniform microstructure composed mainly of an FCC solid solution with a volume fraction of HCP Laves phases. Regarding mechanical properties, the prepared specimen reached an ultimate...
Metrological Comparison between Heterogeneous Surfaces and their Imprints
Milena Kubišová, Martin Novák, Rostislav Koutňák, Hana Vrbová, Milan Žaludek, Jana Knedlová
Manufacturing Technology 2022, 22(4):429-435 | DOI: 10.21062/mft.2022.046
This article seeks to compare roughness characteristics of surfaces created through unconventional machining technologies, specifically utilizing plasma and laser. Cuts of different thickness of material were taken for this purpose. Furthermore, the article presents an evaluation of surfaces obtained from an impression material SILOFLEX®, followed by the determination of similarities between these impressions and original surfaces. In this work, we mainly aimed to statistically find and determine the differences inbetween the evaluation of surfaces in concert with ISO 4287, ISO 4288, and ISO 25 178. Next, investigation analysis of the machined...
Effect of Higher Iron Content and Manganese Addition on the Corrosion Re-sistance of AlSi7Mg0.6 Secondary Alloy
Martin Mikolajčík, Eva Tillová, Lenka Kuchariková, Lucia Pastierovičová, Mária Chalupová, Milan Uhríčik, Zuzana Šurdová
Manufacturing Technology 2022, 22(4):436-443 | DOI: 10.21062/mft.2022.057
The use of secondary aluminium alloys gives manufacturers in many industries the opportunity to produce their products more economically and environmentally friendly. The secondary aluminium alloy production is sustainable in the long term. As aluminium does not lose its excellent properties through recycling, secondary aluminium alloys have the potential to replace primary aluminium in many applications. However, recycled aluminium alloys have the disadvantage of insufficient sorting and thus a higher content of impurities in their chemical composition. The most common undesirable element in Al-Si-Mg cast alloys is iron. It adversely affects mechanical...
Properties of Aluminium Cellular Materials Produced by Powder Metallurgy Using the Foaming Agent TiH2
Iva Nová, Karel Fraňa, Pavel Solfronk, David Koreček, Jiří Sobotka
Manufacturing Technology 2022, 22(4):444-450 | DOI: 10.21062/mft.2022.051
A considerable attention is paid to the production and monitoring of the properties of metallic cellular structures and the properties of aluminium foams, respectivly. Foam structures can be manufactured in three basic ways (by blowing the external gas into the melt, by melt gasification due to the thermal decomposition of the foaming agent, by the melting of the foamable preform which contains foaming agent particles). The paper addresses to our publication [18] and furthermore focuses on the investigation of mechanical properties of two types of foamed AlSi12 aluminium alloy samples. Samples (150x25x10 mm) were produced by powder metallurgy using...
Cast and Rapidly Solidified Aluminium Alloy with the Addition of Deep-sea Nodules
Pavel Novák, Jakub Vlášek, Alisa Tsepeleva, Alena Michalcová
Manufacturing Technology 2022, 22(4):451-454 | DOI: 10.21062/mft.2022.056
Reduced deep-sea nodules were tested as the alloying mixture for cast and rapidly solidified aluminium alloy. No separation of any metal was used in order to save the processing costs of the deep-sea nodules and to obtain “natural” ratios between the alloying elements. The resulting rapidly solidified alloys contained sharp-edged intermetallics, especially Al9Mn3Si phase, which was converted to rounded Al19Mn4 during thermal exposure. The hardness of the ribbons was almost stable during long-term annealing at 300 and 400 °C for 250 h. The alloy can be considered as highly thermally stable.
Experimental Investigation on the Effects of the Geometry of Micro Hole on the EDM Drilling Process
Giuseppe Pellegrini, Chiara Ravasio
Manufacturing Technology 2022, 22(4):455-460 | DOI: 10.21062/mft.2022.053
In the last years, the interest in micromachining has grown significantly due to the miniaturization of several components used in several fields such as automotive, aerospace and biomedical. In this scenar-io, the main protagonists are the microtechnologies and their capabilities. Micro EDM is a technology able to remove material from conductive workpieces through electrical sparks. Each spark makes a crater on the workpiece surface. Micro drilling is one of its common applications. In micro EDM drilling the geometrical characteristics of the hole are related to the electrode size. In this paper, the effects of the geometry of micro hole on the micro...
Properties of MgCaZr Alloys
Jan Serak, Cyril Simon, Dalibor Vojtech
Manufacturing Technology 2022, 22(4):461-470 | DOI: 10.21062/mft.2022.054
The use of most commercial magnesium alloys is limited to working at normal temperatures. The excellent ratio between the mechanical properties and the density of magnesium alloys necessarily leads to the development of new types of alloys that would be usable even at elevated temperatures. This would significantly increase the applicability of these alloys where steels or aluminum alloys are still used, especially in the transport industry. The problem with today's high temperature resistant magnesium alloys is the need to use expensive rare earth alloys. Significantly cheaper alloys of magnesium with zirconium and calcium are studied in this work....
Phase and Mechanical Properties Response of the Mechanically Alloyed CoCrFeNiAlX High Entropy Alloys
Angelina Strakosova, Petr Kratochvíl, Jan Riedl, Filip Průša
Manufacturing Technology 2022, 22(4):471-476 | DOI: 10.21062/mft.2022.059
The present work describes the influence of Al content on the CoCrFeNiAl high-entropy alloys pre-pared by the powder metallurgy technique. The preparation procedure consisted of mechanical alloy-ing and subsequent spark plasma sintering. The content of Al varied from 10 – 30 at.% which affected the microstructure and mechanical properties. Using scanning electron microscope (SEM) and X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) was found the microstructure becomes more refined with increasing con-tent of Al accompanied by the annihilation of the ductile FCC solid solution (Cr0.25Fe0.25Co0.25Ni0.25) phase and growth of the brittle and hard BCC solid solution...
Verification of Usability of the Hybrid III Dummy for Crash Tests – Pilot Experiment
Luboš Tomšovský, Lucie Literová, Karel Jelen, Petr Kubový, Dita Hilmarová, Ondřej Štoček, František Lopot, Vojtěch Rulc, Pavel Hříbal, Roman Ježdík
Manufacturing Technology 2022, 22(4):477-483 | DOI: 10.21062/mft.2022.052
The study is focused on the dynamic response of the head and thoracic area of an anthropomorphic test device (ATD) during low-impact collisions with a tram. Two collision scenarios were analyzed: the frontal impact (a chest as a primary contact area) and the side impact (a thigh as a primary contact area). The measurements used a pedestrian dummy (Hybrid III 50th percentile male dummy, Jasti Co., ltd., Tokyo, Japan) and a unique pendulum impact testing machine (impactor) of own design. The crash tests were conducted at various impact intensities (velocities) into the chest and left thigh of the dummy. The primary outcome variable was a resultant magnitude...
Research on the Measurement of Thermal Deformation of Tools on High-speed Machining Centers Based on Image Processing Technology
Changlong Zhao, Ming Li, Junbao Yang, Chen Ma, Zhenrong Ma
Manufacturing Technology 2022, 22(4):484-493 | DOI: 10.21062/mft.2022.060
This paper focuses on the issues of tool thermal deformation during machine preheating，designing an image-processing-based solution for measuring these tool thermal deformation, to obtain the axial thermal error of the tool as a function of preheating time.This paper uses a high-speed camera to collect images of tool thermal deformation. Using MATLAB software, rough localization of images by Canny algorithm for edge extraction. Accurately locating tool edge outlines using a sub-pixel fitted edge detection method, that is, using the least squares method to fit a tool tip arc curve. From this, the thermal deformation during tool preheating is...
Analysis of the Welding Process of Steel Pistons of Internal Combustion Engines
Paweł Żurawski
Manufacturing Technology 2022, 22(4):494-509 | DOI: 10.21062/mft.2022.048
The aim of the article is to analyze the friction welding process of steel pistons, due to the small amount of scientific literature on this subject. First, it is necessary to present the design fea-tures of steel pistons and their advantages and disadvantages. Then analyze the types of friction weld-ing processes used in the production of pistons of internal combustion engines with the analysis of their differences. Present two basic methods of welding in the production of steel pistons, i.e. friction butt welding and low pressure friction welding. Finally, a proper analysis of the friction welding pro-cesses of steel pistons of internal combustion...