Manufacturing Technology Journal, 2015 (vol. 15), issue 1
Brazing Operation for Aluminium Semi-Products by Heat Treatment
Ján Bezecný, Andrej Dubec, Mariana Janeková
Manufacturing Technology 2015, 15(1):3-7 | DOI: 10.21062/ujep/x.2015/a/1213-2489/MT/15/1/3 
Nowadays, there is an effort to increase the economic effectiveness, including manual work, from the aspect of the modernization of production technologies. The brazing operation is one of the operations requiring skills and experience and therefore, the paper deals with modern brazing technology of aluminium alloy semi-products which are heated only in the electric furnaces. Application of heat can lead to the formation of the perfect join of semi-products based on such materials as A 3004 and AA 4045. A thin layer called Clad is deposited on one component of the AA 4045 material while the mentioned thin layer is molten to the prescribed temperature...
Evaluation of Ride Comfort for Passengers by Means of Computer Simulation
Ján Dižo
Manufacturing Technology 2015, 15(1):8-14 | DOI: 10.21062/ujep/x.2015/a/1213-2489/MT/15/1/8
An important aspect of rail vehicle dynamic analysis is a ride comfort analysis and a prediction when passengers and cargo can experience adverse conditions. The computational software utilisation helps to determine forces and accelerations in various positions through the body of the rail vehicle in order to predict ride properties or evaluate ideas for ride comfort in advance. This paper is aimed to the dynamic simulation of the rail vehicle running on a real track. The rail vehicle model creation, computations performance and determination of accelerations badly needed for the ride comfort evaluation is performed by SIMPACK package. Parameters of...
The Effect of Plasma Nitriding Process on the Change of Dynamic Parameters of Steel DIN 1654/4
David Dobrocky, David Kusmic
Manufacturing Technology 2015, 15(1):14-20 | DOI: 10.21062/ujep/x.2015/a/1213-2489/MT/15/1/14
This article describes the effect of selected parameters of plasma nitriding on the change of dynamic parameters of steel DIN 1654/4. Plasma nitriding is currently used in a wide range of technical applications such as a final operation to improve the mechanical properties of components. This experimental investigation is devoted to the analysis of the influence of plasma nitriding on the notch toughness of structural steel DIN 1654/4 (CSN 41 2042.4). The test of the dynamic fracture behaviour of structural steel was carried out using by instrumental Charpy hammer on the plasma nitrided specimens with V and U notch, manufactured according to standard...
Measurement and Analysis of Mass Flow and Abrasive Sieving Impact on Technological Head Vibrations during Cutting Abrasion Resistant Steels with Abrasive Water Jet Technology
Stanislav Fabian, Štefánia Salokyová
Manufacturing Technology 2015, 15(1):20-24 | DOI: 10.21062/ujep/x.2015/a/1213-2489/MT/15/1/20
The article presents the results of Technical University in Košice Faculty of Manufacturing Technologies Department of production processes operation and Technical University in Ostrava Physics Institute Liquid jet workplace cooperation in the area of operational states diagnosis of manufacturing systems with abrasive water jet technology (AWJ). Within the operational states diagnostics is the impact of selected technological parameters on technological head vibrations studied. Based on an extensive set of experiments are original graphical dependences determined of the abrasive mass flow and abrasive sieving impact on the vibrations parameter - technological...
Use of Parametric 3D Modelling - Tying Parameter Values to Spreadsheets at Designing Molds for Plastic Injection
Michal Fabian, Róbert Boslai, Peter Ižol, Jaroslava Janeková, Jana Fabianová, Gabriel Fedorko, Pavol Božek
Manufacturing Technology 2015, 15(1):24-31 | DOI: 10.21062/ujep/x.2015/a/1213-2489/MT/15/1/24
The current mechanical engineering is inconceivable without the implementation of CAx systems in design and manufacturing process of individual components. The automotive industry is a clear evidence of how CAx systems affect the innovation cycle of its product - a car. The innovation cycle in automotive was reduced from 8-12 years to the current 4-6 years. Even in this short interval automakers make some small design modifications called a facelift. Development in the automotive industry, therefore, is closely related to news and functionality CAx systems. CAD systems at the turn of the millennium are characterized as parametric graphic systems with...
The Influence of High Temperature Loading on the Structure of Fine Al Powder Compacts
Ernest Gondár, Pavol Sejč, Alexander Schrek
Manufacturing Technology 2015, 15(1):31-35 | DOI: 10.21062/ujep/x.2015/a/1213-2489/MT/15/1/31
Aluminum specimens for pilot resistance testing at higher temperature and mechanical loading were prepared by means of powder metallurgy. The aluminum powders with nanooxide surface layers were prepared. The tests were performed at 300°C and applied stress of 100, 125, 150, 175 MPa and at temperatures 350°C and 400°C and stress of 100 MPa. Aluminum specimens tested at 300°C and stresses of 100 and 125 MPa were characterized by very high resistance. Similar resistance was exhibited by specimens tested at 350°C and 100 MPa. The rupture of specimens tested at 350°C at 150 and 175 MPa was initiated mainly from surface defects. By aluminum tests at temperatures...
The Heat Treatment of Aluminium Bronzes
Jiří Hájek, Antonín Kříž, Václav Hrdlička
Manufacturing Technology 2015, 15(1):35-41 | DOI: 10.21062/ujep/x.2015/a/1213-2489/MT/15/1/35
Aluminium bronzes can find use in many engineering applications thanks to their excellent properties, predominantly high corrosion resistance, good ultimate tensile strength, fatigue strength and creep strength. Yet, their mechanical properties can still be improved, most importantly by appropriate heat treatment. The type of heat treatment is typically chosen with regard to the desired properties of the product and its service conditions. This paper attempts to summarise the microstructural changes which take place in aluminium bronzes during heat treatment. Another objective of this study was to map the potential of a certain type of aluminium bronzes...
Long-term Sub-zero Treatment of P/M Vanadis 6 Ledeburitic Tool Steel - a Preliminary Study
Peter Jurči, Martin Kusý, Jana Ptačinová, Vladimír Kuracina, Petra Priknerová
Manufacturing Technology 2015, 15(1):41-47 | DOI: 10.21062/ujep/x.2015/a/1213-2489/MT/15/1/41
The microstructure, the phase constitution and the tempering charts of Cr-V ledeburitic steel Vanadis 6 subjected to sub-zero treatment with various soaking times in liquid nitrogen have been investigated. The microstructures have been characterized using the light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. The hardness has been evaluated by Vickers method. The matrix is martensitic with certain amount of retained austenite, irrespectively to the time of sub-zero treatment. The amount of retained austenite, however, decreases up to the soaking time of 17 h and then remains almost constant. The microstructure of sub-zero treated...
Changes of the Surface Texture after Surface Treatment HS6-5-2-5 Steel
Ondřej Klanica, Emil Svoboda, Zdeněk Joska
Manufacturing Technology 2015, 15(1):47-53 | DOI: 10.21062/ujep/x.2015/a/1213-2489/MT/15/1/47
Texture of the surface is very important in process reproduction of the components. Not only in engineering area, but also in other industrial sectors, the assessment of the surface texture ranks among basic techniques of the determining the surface properties of the component. Pretreatment of the surface can reduce running costs in the case of coating on the tools. The paper describes the changes of the surface textures of the HS6-5-2-5 steel CSN EN ISO 4957 with different technological treatments of the substrates, coating and subsequently polishing of the coating. Substrate was sandblasted (wet) and polished before coating. Coating nACo® was...
The Influence of Heat Treatment on Mechanical and Corrosion Properties of Wrought Aluminium Alloys 2024 and 6064
Tomáš Kovalčík, Jan Stoulil, Peter Sláma, Dalibor Vojtěch
Manufacturing Technology 2015, 15(1):54-61 | DOI: 10.21062/ujep/x.2015/a/1213-2489/MT/15/1/54
This article deals with the influence of the alloy temper during heat treatment on mechanical and corrosion properties of aluminium alloys 2024 (Al-Cu-Mg) and 6064 (Al-Mg-Si). For the experiment initial alloy tempers 2024-T351 and 6064-T8 were heat treated to three conditions - underaged, peak aged (T6) and overaged - to simulate the circumstances during the manufacturing process. Structure of all conditions and tempers was observed. The mechanical properties - hardness, yield strength, ultimate strength and elongation - and corrosion properties - maximum depth of corrosion attack peneration and corrosion rate in Audi immersion test for automotive...
Non-contact Study of Surfaces Created Using the AWJ Technology
Tibor Krenický
Manufacturing Technology 2015, 15(1):61-64 | DOI: 10.21062/ujep/x.2015/a/1213-2489/MT/15/1/61
Spatial measurement and evaluation of the surface profile parameters provide valuable and useful information about the relationship between the geometric characteristics of the surface and its functional properties. Evaluating the structure of surface area may help to explain a variety of problems in manufacturing technologies as it allows detailed quantitative study of geometric and dimensional changes of the surface profiles. AWJ cutting still generates unrevealed questions regarding interactions of the cutting material with the work-piece. The article presents experimental study of surface of steel material after AWJ cutting with usage of optical...
Corrosion Resistance of Plasma Nitrided Structural Steels
David Kusmic, David Dobrocky
Manufacturing Technology 2015, 15(1):64-69 | DOI: 10.21062/ujep/x.2015/a/1213-2489/MT/15/1/64
The plasma nitriding technology was mostly used in the past primarily to increasing of surface hardness a fatigue limit. Additional feature of nitrided steel surface is possibility of corrosion resistance increasing. This additional feature is leading to the increase of lifetime of steel parts and components. This study is focused on the evaluation of corrosion resistance of plasma nitrided AISI 1045 and AISI 4340 steels. The steel samples were plasma nitrided and some of them were additionally oxidised. The corrosion resistance evaluation was performed in a fog of a neutral sodium chloride solution (NSS) according to the ISO 9227 standard. The created...
Influence of Drying Process of Liquid Contaminants on Adhesive Bond Strength
Miroslav Müller, Petr Henc, Anna Rudawska
Manufacturing Technology 2015, 15(1):70-74 | DOI: 10.21062/ujep/x.2015/a/1213-2489/MT/15/1/70
Regarding effects of environment factors on adhesive bonds belongs among key requirements influencing the adhesive bond strength. The aim of experiments was to set an influence of liquid contaminants on changes of the adhesive bond strength and to set whether a degradation process is an irreversible change that means whether degradation adhesives will restore their strength characteristics depending on the time. The adhesive bonds were placed into three liquid contaminants for the time 1, 2 and 3 months. The testing process was performed after removing specimens from the liquid contaminant (marked as 0), then after 24, 72 and 163 h. A considerable...
Role of Reactive Sintering in Production of Technically Important Intermetallics
Pavel Novák, Jan Kříž, Alena Michalcová, Pavel Salvetr
Manufacturing Technology 2015, 15(1):74-77 | DOI: 10.21062/ujep/x.2015/a/1213-2489/MT/15/1/74
Intermetallics offer many interesting properties, such as excellent resistance against high-temperature oxidation and creep, special magnetic properties, shape memory or the ability of reversible hydrogen storage. For these reasons, intermetallics are considered as very promising materials for many modern applications in power generation, automotive or aerospace industry and also in the medicine. The factors limiting their wider use are low room-temperature toughness and problems with their production. In this work, the possibilities of the use of powder metallurgy using reactive sintering for the production of intermetallics for medicine (Ni-Ti alloys)...
Influence of the Shock Absorbers Type Change at Stress of the Trolleybus Chassis
Pavel Polach
Manufacturing Technology 2015, 15(1):77-86 | DOI: 10.21062/ujep/x.2015/a/1213-2489/MT/15/1/77
ŠKODA VÝZKUM cooperated on the development of the NEOPLAN DMA low-floor articulated trolleybus intended for the Boston city (the United States). Multibody models and finite element models of the trolleybus were utilized in the stage of the vehicle design. The multibody models of the trolleybus were created in the alaska simulation tool and the simulations were especially aimed at determining forces acting in the trolleybus suspension elements and radius rods. At the end of the stage of computer modelling and testing the trolleybus prototype a decision to change the type of shock absorbers used in the axles' suspension was made. The impact of this change...
Analysis of Arc Stability in MIG Brazing of 304L Stainless Steel Using Solid and Flux-Cored Wire
Pavol Sejč, Rastislav Kubíček
Manufacturing Technology 2015, 15(1):86-92 | DOI: 10.21062/ujep/x.2015/a/1213-2489/MT/15/1/86
At the present time, consumables assortment intended for utilization of MIG brazing process enables its application possibilities also for the joining of high-alloyed austenitic steels. In that case, the substitution of arc welding processes (such as MIG/MAG, or TIG) by the brazing process makes it possible to limit the weldability issue related to the crystallization of weld metal (hot cracking) and to the deformations (induced by excessive amount of heat input to the joint). Additional technological benefits may be offered by an application of flux-cored wires, which have been utilizing successfully within arc welding processes.Submitted paper...
An Analysis of the Influence of the Titanium Compressor Wheel on the Dynamical Properties of the Particular Turbocharger Rotor
Luboš Smolík, Zdeňka Rendlová, Miroslav Byrtus
Manufacturing Technology 2015, 15(1):93-99 | DOI: 10.21062/ujep/x.2015/a/1213-2489/MT/15/1/93
The trend towards using turbochargers in various engines continues. In some applications, including engines of light duty trucks, city buses and even tractors and harvesters, the warranty of long life is demanded because turbochargers are subject to high cyclic loading and on consequence the turbochargers can determine the lifetime of the whole engine. The replacement of the aluminium compressor wheel for a titanium one significantly improves the turbocharger lifetime, but since a titanium alloy has about 60 % higher density than an aluminium alloy, the mass and the moments of inertia of the wheel increases, which further leads to changes in natural...
Analysis of the Influence of Initiating Inclusions on Fatigue Life of Plasma Nitrided Steels
Zbyněk Studený
Manufacturing Technology 2015, 15(1):99-105 | DOI: 10.21062/ujep/x.2015/a/1213-2489/MT/15/1/99
The analysis of non-metallic initiating inclusions in fatigue live field is studied. The testing material for experiments is CSN 41 5340 steel (corresponds to 41CrAlMo7-10 or 1.8509). This steel is suitable for plasma nitriding process. The samples were heat treated and subsequently plasma nitrided, then subjected to the fatigue bending rotation tests. According to the principle of the tests are the conditions set to constant speed and decreasd load to 107 cycles if does not the fatigue fracture of the sample happens. The thickness of the diffusional nitride layer has been won using the microhardness measuring from the surface to the core of the samples....
Unconventional Method of Preparation Intermetallic Phases Fe-Al by Mechanical Alloying in Comparison to Reactive Sintering
Milan Valalik, Pavel Novak, Tomas Frantisek Kubatik, Dalibor Vojtech
Manufacturing Technology 2015, 15(1):105-109 | DOI: 10.21062/ujep/x.2015/a/1213-2489/MT/15/1/105
Intermetallic phases Fe-Al appears to be a suitable material for industrial use at high temperatures. Due to their characteristic properties, such as high melting point, low toughness at room temperatures and inconvenient casting properties, it is required to explore the other possibilities for their production, especially the technology of powder metallurgy. Recently, the possibility of the preparation of these materials from powder iron and aluminium by reactive sintering technology was studied. Another way of preparation seems to be mechanical alloying and subsequent compaction by SPS. The aim of this study was to describe the mechanism of Fe-Al...
The Influence of Shift on Machined Surface Microgeometry and Its Use
Karol Vasilko
Manufacturing Technology 2015, 15(1):109-116 | DOI: 10.21062/ujep/x.2015/a/1213-2489/MT/15/1/109
Beside cutting speed, shift is another important parameter of machining. Its considerable influence is shown mainly in the workpiece machined surface microgeometry. In practice, mainly its combination with the radius of cutting tool tip rounding is used. Options to further increase machining productivity and machined surface quality are hidden in this approach. The paper presents variations of the design of productive cutting tools for lathe work and milling on the base of the use of the laws of the relationship among the highest reached uneveness of machined surface, tool tip radius and shift.