Manufacturing Technology Journal, 2016 (vol. 16), issue 3
The Analysis of the Model of Damping Mechanism for Shipborne Labyrinth Compressor Piston Components
Peng Ba, Yuwei Zhang, Shi Jia
Manufacturing Technology 2016, 16(3):479-484 | DOI: 10.21062/ujep/x.2016/a/1213-2489/MT/16/3/479 
Piston parts of a shipborne labyrinth compressor are mainly composed of a piston and a coated piston rod. In recent years, many studies have shown that the vibration response of coating structure is significantly reduced. Because of the non-contact of the piston, the cylinder case and guide support entirely depends on the piston rod. The lateral jitter can be regarded as the vibration of cantilever beam. However there is no effective method to separate the contribution of hard-coating damping from the damping of composite system. In this paper, based on separating the damping contribution of hard coating, the method of creating the damping mechanism...
Design of a Three-Finger Robot Manipulator
Miroslav Blatnický, Ján Dižo, Michal Timoščuk
Manufacturing Technology 2016, 16(3):485-489 | DOI: 10.21062/ujep/x.2016/a/1213-2489/MT/16/3/485
The paper deals with a construction design of a versatile adaptive gripper for a robot manipulator. More specifically, it presents construction design of motional kinematics of fingers, which are controlled by a working screw, and also computation of forces and a selection of drive actuating units. Calculation of forces is needed for further correct selection of an engine transmission, considered gearing, belt gear and transmission.Automation is a process of replacing man's control function by operation of various machines and devices. Automation is a highly complex process including very simple control operations, which are performed automatically...
Parametric CAD Model of a Double-Lay Six Strand Wire Rope
Michal Fabian, Eva Stanová, Gabriel Fedorko, Stanislav Kmeť, Jana Fabianová, Jozef Krajňák
Manufacturing Technology 2016, 16(3):489-496 | DOI: 10.21062/ujep/x.2016/a/1213-2489/MT/16/3/489
Parametric modelling based on mathematical relationships allows creation of different variants of proposed solutions in real time. In particular, parametric modelling enables rapid design of 3D virtual models intended for further analysis and simulations. This paper presents an approach to design of a six strand wire rope model in a CAD environment. The presented model is characterized by double helical winding wires. Wires axes curves are mathematically expressed in the form of parametric equations. The parametric equations used in model generation are presented and the whole methodology of rope model creation in CATIA V5 software is briefly described.
The Design of New Cycloid Gear with Variable Cross Section and the Research of End Milling in Five-Axis Machine Tool
Lizhi Gu, Jianmin Xu, Shanming Luo
Manufacturing Technology 2016, 16(3):497-502 | DOI: 10.21062/ujep/x.2016/a/1213-2489/MT/16/3/497
In order to improve the transmission efficiency and the service life of ordinary cycloid gear, 5 kinds of new cycloid gears with variable cross section are devoleped based on the principles of traditional cycloid drive. These new cycloid gears include concave cycloid gear, drum cycloid gear, spherical cycloid gear, oblique cycloid gear and cone cycloid gear. The general mathematical equations of these new cycloid gears are obtained and the characteristics of these new cycloid gears in transmission applications are analyzed in detail. A new method on the end milling tooth profile surfaces of cycloid gear using ball end mill is proposed. 5 axis numerical...
Application of Lubrication into the Hip Joint Replacement
Andrea Haringová, Karol Stračár, Karol Prikkel
Manufacturing Technology 2016, 16(3):502-506 | DOI: 10.21062/ujep/x.2016/a/1213-2489/MT/16/3/502
The article deals with application of knowledge from lubrication of healthy spherical joints into hip joint endoprosthesis. As the observed most important physical parameter it was selected the coefficient of friction responsible directly for lifetime of the endoprosthesis. The article describes as well as experimentally verifies the idea of additional lubrication of hip joint endoprosthesis.
Investigation of the Influence of PVD Coatings Deposited on HSS Milling Cutter
Ales Jaros, Zdenek Fiala
Manufacturing Technology 2016, 16(3):506-512 | DOI: 10.21062/ujep/x.2016/a/1213-2489/MT/16/3/506
This article deals with the benefits of PVD coatings ((Al,Ti)N; (Al,Ti,Cr)N and nanocomposite coating nACo®) applied to HSS three edges end milling cutters (producer ZPS - Frezovaci nastroje, Zlin, CZ). The coatings were synthesized by a cathodic-arc deposition process (producer Liss, Roznov pod Radhostem, CZ). Machining was carried out on the vertical milling machine FB 32V with using process liquid. Set up cutting conditions were constant throughout the machining. The aim of this experiment was to compare coated and uncoated HSS end milling cutters and find out the benefits of three kinds of PVD coatings. The monitored parameters were force loading...
Methodology of Experimental Analysis of Long-term Monitoring of Sandwich Composite Structure by Fibre-optic Strain Gauges
Dita Jiroutova
Manufacturing Technology 2016, 16(3):512-518 | DOI: 10.21062/ujep/x.2016/a/1213-2489/MT/16/3/512
The aim of this article is proposition of new methodology of experimental analysis of long-term monitoring of sandwich composite structures. The sandwich composite structures are, due to its properties like stiffness, high impact strength, corrosion resistance, low thermal conductivity and low acoustic conductivity and, commonly used in civil engineering in recent years. This type of structure is composed of two main parts (face sheet and core) having different material and mechanical properties. Sudden change of these properties causes interlaminar stress in structure. A good knowledge about behaviour of sandwich composite structure is important for...
Industrial Robot Accuracy Testing with QC20-W Ballbar Diagnostic System
Jerzy Józwik, Ivan Kuric, Dawid Ostrowski, Krzysztof Dziedzic
Manufacturing Technology 2016, 16(3):519-524 | DOI: 10.21062/ujep/x.2016/a/1213-2489/MT/16/3/519
An important characteristic of industrial robots is their accuracy. It is of particularly importance in high-precision tasks, e.g. mounting or machining of elements. In order to meet the requested quality demands for products, as well as appropriate working conditions, it is absolutely essential to regularly inspect the technical condition of robots, e.g. their accuracy.The following paper aims at identification of accuracy errors of an industrial robot MOTOMAN HP20. The selected measuring method was the roundness test with the use of the telescopic, kinematic QC20W - Ballbar. The paper presents the methodology of experimental tests. The influence...
Cutting Force Modelling with a Combined Influence of Tool Wear and Tool Geometry
Petr Kolar, Matej Sulitka, Petr Fojtů, Jiří Falta, Jaroslav Šindler
Manufacturing Technology 2016, 16(3):524-531 | DOI: 10.21062/ujep/x.2016/a/1213-2489/MT/16/3/524
Modelling of cutting forces is important for understanding and simulation of the machining processes. This paper presents cutting force modelling of data obtained from machining of C45 carbon steel with a coated carbide tool. The model is based on a rather extensive measurement of 270 combinations of cutting tool geometry parameters (rake angle, clearance angle and helix angle), tool wear (flank wear average value), chip thickness and cutting velocity. The model with the friction and cutting component of the cutting force is presented and discussed. We conducted an analysis of the identified model and found a relationship between the increase in tangential...
3D Roughness Parameters of Surfaces Face Milled by Special Tools
Janos Kundrak, Csaba Felho
Manufacturing Technology 2016, 16(3):532-538 | DOI: 10.21062/ujep/x.2016/a/1213-2489/MT/16/3/532
At design of cutting tools the positioning of cutting edges and geometry of cutting inserts are becoming increasingly diversified with the development of cutting procedures. As a result, the generated tool marks on cut surfaces also can take many forms. Roughness values in face milling can change both in planes parallel with the feed direction and in planes at angle to it, therefore it is particularly important to be able to plan the roughness characteristics of surfaces. A new method is introduced in the paper for planning the roughness characteristics of cut surfaces that can be used to determine theoretical values of roughness characteristics of...
Computer Visual Measurement Technology and Algorithm Simulation for the Assembly of Large Aircraft Parts
Qiong Liu, YouRong Yan, LeiLei Cao
Manufacturing Technology 2016, 16(3):538-543 | DOI: 10.21062/ujep/x.2016/a/1213-2489/MT/16/3/538
This research aims to solve the issues of limited measuring range and great accumulative error in the digital assembly of aircraft parts. In this paper, we propose the use of array visual measurement technology for the assembly of large aircraft parts. First, the visual measurement space for large aircraft parts assembly is determined. Second, the visual measurement model for large aircraft parts is constructed. Then, the differences that occur in real-time to the global coordinates can be calculated by using the pre-assembly feature points of large parts and the measurement tools of an array visual system. Finally, the real-time simulation of the...
The Parametric Design of the Frame of Agricultural Machinery Cab based on Analysis of Ergonomics Data
Sha Liu, Xue Yang
Manufacturing Technology 2016, 16(3):543-551 | DOI: 10.21062/ujep/x.2016/a/1213-2489/MT/16/3/543
The cab of the big-scale and medium-sized agricultural machinery is not only the main environment of the drivers operate the machine, but also by which the driver interact with the machine. Currently most China's agricultural machinery manufacturers will order the whole cabs for production, but not make them by themselves. Therefore to design the cab models by parametric customization would be better adapt to business needs and reduce the repetitive and mindless calculation and design. The design of cab mainly includes two types of parameters: the driver's ergonomics data and the constraint parameters provided by agricultural machine such as space...
Extrusion Process Parameters Optimization for the Aluminum Profile Extrusion of an Upper Beam on the Train Based on Response Surface Methodology
Shumei Lou, Yongxiao Wang, Shuai Lu, Chunjian Su
Manufacturing Technology 2016, 16(3):551-557 | DOI: 10.21062/ujep/x.2016/a/1213-2489/MT/16/3/551
Extrusion process parameters play key roles in aluminum profile extrusion processes. In this literature, by using Box-Behnken experimental design to arrange the simulations using the ALE software HypereXtrude, Response Surface Methodology (RSM) were applied to study the simulation results and discuss the effects of five process parameters, namely billet diameter, billet preheat temperature, die temperature, container temperature, and ram speed, on the outlet velocity distribution uniformity of the profile named an Upper beam on the Train. The interactions between the five parameters also were investigated. Additionally, a second order response surface...
Possibilities of Replacement of Two Side Metal Molds for the Production of Two Facing Side Composite by One Side Mold
Lukas Manas, Sona Rusnakova, Milan Zaludek, Ladislav Fojtl, Vladimir Rusnak
Manufacturing Technology 2016, 16(3):558-561 | DOI: 10.21062/ujep/x.2016/a/1213-2489/MT/16/3/558
Presented research paper deals with possibilities of replacement of conventional mold materials by new, unconventional. Traditionally, laminate, wood or gypsum molds (in the case of small production series) are used for the production of composite parts. Furthermore, milled aluminum molds are conventionally used only for mass production. Due to this, thin metal sheet was prepared as an unconventional production mold for manufacturing of motorbike facing part. Vacuum bagging using prepared one side mold was chosen as the most appropriate technology. Normally, two facing sides are not commonly manufactured using this technology. Because of this, possibilities...
Simulation Tools Used at the Injection Mould Design
Peter Monka, Sergej Hloch, Andrej Andrej, Matej Somsak, Filip Murgas
Manufacturing Technology 2016, 16(3):561-569 | DOI: 10.21062/ujep/x.2016/a/1213-2489/MT/16/3/561
The article deals with the basic steps of injection mould design. The goal of the research was the proposition of the mould form so to be achieved the minimum waste and the shortest time of both mould filling and product cooling. Studied mould component is intended to serve as a stopper in the automotive spotlight. The simulations were realized for three designed types of running system and for four versions of cooling system. Due to the design optimization, the pressures, originated inside the cooling system and inside the mould cavity during the injection moulding process, were also investigated. 3D model of the mould was created in Autodesk Inventor...
Comparison of Linear and Nonlinear Optimization Methods of Heating Plant Operation
Peter Muškát, František Urban, Jozef Bereznai, Zdenko Závodný
Manufacturing Technology 2016, 16(3):569-574 | DOI: 10.21062/ujep/x.2016/a/1213-2489/MT/16/3/569
The article presents comparison of optimization methods applied to operation of the heating plant. Optimizing problems are possible to solve with using of methods of the linear programming (LP) or nonlinear programming (NLP). In the paper method of differential addition (LP, NLP), method of characteristics (LP), simplex method (LP), method of Lagrange multipliers (LP, NLP) and method of hyperplane in n - dimensional space (LP, NLP) are presented from point of view of requirements for designing and modifications of the program, requirements on system memory and computation time, comparison of the optimizing methods for loading of the thermal power machines...
Development of Integrated Technology of FRP Gear Manufacturing
Ihor Osadchiy, Dmytro Kryvoruchko, Vitalii Kolesnyk, Michal Hatala, Jan Duplak, Dusan Mital
Manufacturing Technology 2016, 16(3):574-578 | DOI: 10.21062/ujep/x.2016/a/1213-2489/MT/16/3/574
Gears are integral part of mechanisms and machines. The development of new composite materials impulse to increase of specific weight and load-carrying ability of gears. Current trend can be supplied with fiber reinforced materials (FRP) whose specific weight strength could by five times higher than of hardened steel. Those the mechanical properties of FRP wheel can substantially be influenced by technological heredity than metallic one. That is why the influence of technological steps should be taken into account during FRP wheels manufacture. The purpose of current research is to develop integrated technique of FRP wheels manufacture. Consequently...
The Impact of Vibration on the Technological Head
Anton Panda, Marek Prislupčák, Jozef Jurko, Iveta Pandová, Ivan Mrkvica, Slawomir Luscinski
Manufacturing Technology 2016, 16(3):579-585 | DOI: 10.21062/ujep/x.2016/a/1213-2489/MT/16/3/579
The aim of the measurement was the observation (examination) and evaluation of the vibration impact on the technological head in the technology of abrasive water jet when changing the selected technological parameters, namely the feed rate of the technological head. The experiments were carried out on one kind of material - steel HARDOX 500 with a thickness of 10 mm. The impact of the change of the technological head's feed rate (400, 200,100, 50, 40 mm/min) on the size of the vibration acceleration amplitude and its frequency were examined. A database was created from the measured vibration values on the technological head and from that database the...
Abrasive Water Jet Cutting Depth Optimization by Taguchi Approach
Andrzej Perec, Miroslava Ťavodová
Manufacturing Technology 2016, 16(3):585-590 | DOI: 10.21062/ujep/x.2016/a/1213-2489/MT/16/3/585
Existing models of predict the abrasive water jet cutting effects, does not give satisfactory results in a wide area of parameter changes, in particular for different, exotic materials. This implies the need to carry out extensive research in order to expand the empirical database. To optimize the process can be used modern methods referred to as Design of Experiment. One of the methods to determine the effect of parameters on the controlled different technological processes is the Taguchi approach. This method allows to limit the amount of research needed to achieve the desired test results, reducing the time required course for their performance...
Importance and Methods of Residual Stress Profile Measurement
Zdeněk Pitrmuc, Vítězslav Rázek, Libor Beránek, Marin Vrabec, Jan Šimota
Manufacturing Technology 2016, 16(3):590-595 | DOI: 10.21062/ujep/x.2016/a/1213-2489/MT/16/3/590
The contribution is dedicated to surface integrity assessment of components from the point of view of residual stress profile after machining and finishing technologies. Residual stresses play the key role for dynamic life and service reliability of the part, especially rotating aircraft airfoils made of titanium and nickel base alloys. Except a brief summary of measurement methods practical experience with application of Beam deflection method combined with electrolytic etching is published. Specific measurement results for real aircraft Ti6Al4V airfoils and Ti6Al4V plates following its manufacturing technology are the subject of experimental part.
Form and Dimensional Accuracy of Surfaces Generated by Longitudinal Turning
Umberto Prisco, Antonino Squillace, Fabio Scherillo, Fabrizio Coticelli, Antonello Astarita
Manufacturing Technology 2016, 16(3):595-600 | DOI: 10.21062/ujep/x.2016/a/1213-2489/MT/16/3/595
The influence of the dynamic behaviour of the machine tool/workpiece system on the surface accuracy plays an important role in finish machining. In particular, the machine tool/workpiece dynamics determines the topography of the machined surface, which is crucial in determining the quality and performance of a mechanical part. A model to predict the dynamic effects of the cutting process in turning, as part of a machining simulation framework, is presented in this paper. Thermally, kinematically and dynamically induced errors can be easily implemented into the proposed model. Finally, several examples of the use of this model under different turning...
Comparison of ABI Technique and Standard Methods in Measuring Mechanical Properties of Aluminium Al-aloys
Maxim Puchnin, Oleksandr Trudonoshyn, Olena Prach, Františka Pešlová
Manufacturing Technology 2016, 16(3):600-607 | DOI: 10.21062/ujep/x.2016/a/1213-2489/MT/16/3/600
Mechanical properties and chemical composition of aluminium alloys were investigated by automated ball indentation tests, scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray analysis.In this work, Automated Ball Indentation (ABI) technique was compared with the standard mechanical tests. ABI method is based on the load controlled multiple indentations into a polished surface by a spherical indenter. The indentation depth is progressively increased to a maximum user specified limit with intermediate partial unloading. This technique allows to measure the yield strength, stress-strain curve, strength coefficient and strain hardening exponent.For...
A Power Monitoring System of Machine Tool
Ma Qinyi, Lu Mingyue, Shi Junli, Jin Haihua, Wang Yajun, Zhou Maojun
Manufacturing Technology 2016, 16(3):607-612 | DOI: 10.21062/ujep/x.2016/a/1213-2489/MT/16/3/607
This paper completes a design of power monitoring system of machine tool based on MSP430F149 microcontroller. This system is mainly divided into four modules: the electric energy information input and processing module, electric energy metering operation processing module, Single-Chip Microcomputer system internal data processing module, and PC memory module, respectively. The voltage transformer and current transformer collect voltage signal and current signal respectively, which were inputted deferentially to the ATT7022A voltage channel and current channel, to achieve electric energy information input and processing. The special measure chip ATT7022A...
Analysis of Selected Aspects of Turned Bearing Rings Regarding Required Workpiece Quality
Josef Sedlak, Pavel Tropp, Josef Chladil, Karel Kouril, Ales Polzer, Karel Osicka
Manufacturing Technology 2016, 16(3):612-622 | DOI: 10.21062/ujep/x.2016/a/1213-2489/MT/16/3/612
An article deals with an analysis of selected aspects of heat-treated bearing rings during machining and comes up with a solution (a machining operation) leading to improving efficiency of a machining process (i.e. an elimination of a generally expensive cutting technology when the same surface integrity is kept) lying in the series of samples that would be tested experimentally under university conditions (a workroom C2 of Department of Machining Technology FSI VUT in Brno) using a CNC turning lathe SP 280 SY.A theoretical part focuses on a characteristics and analysis of a given component including an applied material 100Cr6 from which bearing...
Effect of Technological Parameters on the Heat Transfer Coefficient in Alloy AlCu4Ti using Squeeze Casting Technology
Ján Ščury, Richard Pastirčák
Manufacturing Technology 2016, 16(3):622-626 | DOI: 10.21062/ujep/x.2016/a/1213-2489/MT/16/3/622
The paper deals with the methodology of heat transfer coefficient measuring while using squeeze casting process. The casting with crystallization under pressure was used, specifically direct squeeze casting method. The pressure applied to the melt causes a significant increase (up to ten times) of the coefficient of heat transfer between the casting and the mold. The paper deals also with obtained results of the measured temperatures in the mold and the casting. The goal was to affect crystallization by pressure with value 100 MPa. On the basis of the measured variables were calculated values of heat flux between casting/mold, and consequently also...
The Mechanics of Machining Ultrafine-Grained Grade 2 Ti Processed Severe Plastic Deformation
Anastasiya Symonova, Francois Ducobu, Viktorie Weiss
Manufacturing Technology 2016, 16(3):627-633 | DOI: 10.21062/ujep/x.2016/a/1213-2489/MT/16/3/627
Machining of titanium is quite difficult and expensive. Heat generated during the process of cutting does not dissipate quickly, which affects tool life. In the last decade ultrafine-grained (UFG) titanium has emerged as an option for substitution for more expensive titanium alloys. Extreme grain refinement can be readily performed by severe plastic deformation techniques. Grain refinement of a material achieved in this way was shown to change its mechanical and physical properties. In the present study, the microstructure evolution and the shear band formation in chips of coarse grained and UFG titanium machined to different cutting speeds and feeding...
Internal Damping Depending on the Deformation Amplitude Measured on Magnesium Alloys
Milan Uhríčik, Zuzana Dresslerová, Peter Palček, Monika Oravcová, Zuzanka Trojanová
Manufacturing Technology 2016, 16(3):633-637 | DOI: 10.21062/ujep/x.2016/a/1213-2489/MT/16/3/633
The article is aimed on the analysis of the internal damping changes depending on the amplitude of the magnesium alloys AZ31 and AZ91 in as cast state. In experimental measurements was used only resonance method, which is based on continuous excitation of oscillations of the specimen and the entire apparatus vibrates at a frequency which is near to the resonance. Starting resonance frequency for all measurements was about f = 20470 Hz. These mechanisms have been studied by ultrasonic resonant apparatus. Damping capacity of alloys is closely tied to the presence of defects including solute atoms, second phases and voids. The interaction between moving...
Short Sisal Fibers Reinforced Epoxy Resins: Tensile Strength
Petr Valášek
Manufacturing Technology 2016, 16(3):637-641 | DOI: 10.21062/ujep/x.2016/a/1213-2489/MT/16/3/637
Composite materials synergistically combine the properties of their sub-phases. Among the most widespread group of composite materials include fiber reinforced composites - usually with a polymer matrix. Mechanical properties of fiber composites are used in a variety of industries. The fibers can be represented by synthetic fibers or natural ones. Advantage of natural fibers is that it is a renewable resource, they are inexpensive, have adequate mechanical properties, which, however, due to the biological material may vary substantially. Described contribution deals with the experimental description of the tensile strength of two epoxy resins filled...
The Application of Ultrasonic Levitation in the Rotor Support
Wang Hong-chen, Yang Zhi-gang, Liu Lei
Manufacturing Technology 2016, 16(3):641-647 | DOI: 10.21062/ujep/x.2016/a/1213-2489/MT/16/3/641
In order to enhance the stiffness of the gas film and increase the maximum speed of the rotor, this paper proposes an ultrasonic levitation structure with a cone type bidirectional supporting motor. The performance of the conical-type ultrasonic levitation support is analysed and tested according the relationship between the levitation force and levitation gap. Through theoretical analysis it is realised that the critical speed and vibration mode of the motor rotor is affected by the change of levitation gap in the ultrasonic levitation condition. The experiments with levitation gap and the maximum speed of the motor rotor show the structure can reduce...
Contact Analysis of Silicone Rubber Rectangular Ring in the Automatic Tighten Assembly
You JiaChuan, Lin JingDong, Xu DaFa, Hao WenYuan
Manufacturing Technology 2016, 16(3):648-653 | DOI: 10.21062/ujep/x.2016/a/1213-2489/MT/16/3/648
According to the uniaxial tension model and coulomb friction theory, by considering the nonlinear mechanical properties of rubber, the effect of deformation quantities of silicone rubber rectangular sealing ring on the assembly torque in tightening assembly process is researched in this paper. A stress-strain numerical model of silicone rubber rectangular sealing ring in small deformation range is established when tightening, on this basis, the numerical model is derived in deformation quantities of rectangular ring and assembly torque. Then having the torque-angle experiments by automatic tightening machine. The results show that, compared with the...