Manufacturing Technology Journal, 2019 (vol. 19), issue 3
Internal Propagation Behavior on the Turning Angles in Steel Pipes
Erkegali Amanbayev, Bazartai Alimbayev, Bauyrzhan Manapbayev, Raushan Djanuzakova
Manufacturing Technology 2019, 19(3):359-365 | DOI: 10.21062/ujep/296.2019/a/1213-2489/MT/19/3/359 
Corrosive damages can lead to accidents on pipelines in various industries. Therefore, the main objective of the work is to study the peculiarities of the development of internal corrosion at the corners of turns in steel pipes. The paper discusses the development of corrosion. It substantiates the primary importance of the development of corrosion on curved sections of steel pipes. It has been established that, in curvilinear areas, the rate of corrosion development depends on the rate of fluid flow, on the number of ions, and also on the effect of centrifugal force. The authors studied the average rate of corrosion development at the turns of hydraulic...
The Study of the Distribution of Carbon Black Filler in Rubber Compounds by Measuring the Electrical Conductivity
Dana Bakošová
Manufacturing Technology 2019, 19(3):366-370 | DOI: 10.21062/ujep/297.2019/a/1213-2489/MT/19/3/366
This study deals with distribution of carbon black fillers in rubber compounds using electrical conductivity measurements. Three rubber compounds samples were heated in resistive furnace in temperature interval 40-80°C and electrical current was measured, while voltage was constant. All samples showed a decrease in electrical conductivity with decreasing temperature, which is characteristic of semiconductors and insulators. On the other hand the large variance of activation energy can be seen for electric transport in different areas of the temperature dependence of the direct electrical conductivity. These quasi-linear areas were selected, linear...
Possibility of Using Eddy Current Evaluation of the Heat Treatment of Steel
Petr Beneš, Vojtěch Průcha, Jiří Hájek, Vilém Vítovec
Manufacturing Technology 2019, 19(3):371-374 | DOI: 10.21062/ujep/298.2019/a/1213-2489/MT/19/3/371
There are a large number of special methods for exploring the internal condition of materials on the basis of eddy currents. A major use of this method can be seen in surface engineering, particularly in studying some state quantities of surface integrity. It is also an irreplaceable tool in surface engineering. The reason is that no other affordable method provides information on both the surface and the sub-surface regions, as the latter are difficult to reach by most other inspection methods. It must be noted that the sub-surface region is significant, and dictates, to a large extent, the behaviour of the overlying surface. This article explores...
Influence of Grinding Conditions and Tilting the Spindle on the Spindle Load when a 5-Axis Grinder is Used
Jindřich Farský, Miroslav Zetek, Tomáš Bakša, Pavel Adámek
Manufacturing Technology 2019, 19(3):375-379 | DOI: 10.21062/ujep/299.2019/a/1213-2489/MT/19/3/375
This article deals with the influence of grinding conditions and tilting the spindle on changes in the spindle load when grinding tool steel on a 5-axis tool grinding machine. The experiment was designed to investigate any changes in cutting speed, feed rate or tilting of the spindle. The size of the load is very important, because the load can influence the tool life, the life of the machine components, quality of the surfaces and dimensional accuracy of the components. A medical femoral knee replacement was selected as the semi-finished component for the experiment, as its surface is a good representative of a complex-shaped surface. This article...
Construction Design and Manufacturing of a Cylinder Liner of a Motorcycle
Adam Hamberger, Milan Daňa, Luboš Kroft
Manufacturing Technology 2019, 19(3):380-384 | DOI: 10.21062/ujep/300.2019/a/1213-2489/MT/19/3/380
This work deals with the construction design and manufacturing of a cylinder liner which is used in a Jawa 50 motorcycle in order to increase the performance characteristics. The liner is pressed in the aluminium cylinder case with ribs so together it makes a two-stroke motorcycle cylinder. The first step was to build an analysis of the technical design of the original motorcycle cylinder to detect any restrictive parameters for the modifications, especially of the cylinder liner, so the motorcycle can be used for racing. As well as the construction design of the liner, the work deals with the clamping and manufacturing of this part too. The CNC code...
Benefits of a New Approach to Designing Milling Cutter Using Metal Additive Manufacturing
Pavel Hanzl, Ivana Zetková
Manufacturing Technology 2019, 19(3):385-390 | DOI: 10.21062/ujep/301.2019/a/1213-2489/MT/19/3/385
Topological optimization is the process of reducing part weight while respecting strength requirements. This paper focuses on its possible positive consequences for the machining process. The main aim is to carry out a survey to obtain knowledge that will be applied during the topological optimization of a milling tool. According to all the indicators, the efficient implementation of lattice structures into the milling concept has the potential to achieve a high level of innovation, since the functional weight reduction of the tool allows for higher dynamics of the cutting process. The modified rigidity of the milling cutter and vibration absorption...
Analysis of a Tramcar Ride when Passing a Point Frog and when Entering Small Radius Arc by Specific Rail Geometry
Vladimír Hauser, Kateryna Kravchenko, Mária Loulová, Olena Nozhenko, Oleksij Fomin
Manufacturing Technology 2019, 19(3):391-396 | DOI: 10.21062/ujep/302.2019/a/1213-2489/MT/19/3/391
In urban railway environments, in many respects, the problem of tramcars passing small radius arches appears to be topical. In this regard, the authors proposed that the wheelsets should be complemented on the outer side of the wheels with a second tread of a lower radius, intended exclusively for ride in arches of the track with a radius which the conventional wheelsets cannot even theoretically pass without creep (subject of patent application a201701589). The complemented wheel tread enters into operation (or out of action) as a result of passing over a specially shaped rail located in the intersections before and behind the small radius arc. In...
Use of Material-Shape Factors in Mechanical Design
Filip Hrdlicka, Martin Kratochvil, Ivana Mazinova, Pavel Florian
Manufacturing Technology 2019, 19(3):397-403 | DOI: 10.21062/ujep/303.2019/a/1213-2489/MT/19/3/397
During design process materials and their shapes selection is usually performed unsystematically, selection is mostly based on previous experience, although this is the most influencing part during mechanical design. This paper is devoted to the application of the material-shape factors and indexes to the standard bicycle frame. Paper to show the method with material-shape factors and indexes and how to use it for a simply and fast redesign for a different material and shapes. The whole method is descripted in detail for two examples and the results are verified by FEM analysis.
Effect of the Pigment Concentration on the Dimensional Stability and the Melt Flow Index of Polycarbonate
Vaclav Janostik, Michal Stanek, Vojtech Senkerik, Petr Fluxa, Lenka Hylova
Manufacturing Technology 2019, 19(3):404-408 | DOI: 10.21062/ujep/304.2019/a/1213-2489/MT/19/3/404
This study is focused on the effect of pigments on polycarbonate (PC), especially the dimensional stability and flow properties of this material. This polymer is commonly used in the plastics industry and the most common processing of this polymer is injection molding technology. Three different pigments made by Lifocolor company were selected for PC staining. In addition, six different concentrations of aforementioned pigments were used. It is worthwhile to note that the pigments in the polymer matrix acted as a filler. Just like fillers, the pigments also influence the shrinkage of the polymer in both the main and secondary directions. The paper...
Design and Determination of Strength of Adhesive Bonded Joints
Tomáš Kalina, František Sedláček
Manufacturing Technology 2019, 19(3):409-413 | DOI: 10.21062/ujep/305.2019/a/1213-2489/MT/19/3/409
The paper deals with methodology of prediction of adhesive bonded joints strength. Problematics of adhesive bonded joints is a very complex task. There are several different (different precision and different complexity) mathematical models of adhesive bonded joints, which attempts to describe the real behavior of adhesive and adhesive bonded joints during load as accurately as possible. This article presents a comprehensive overview of what to take into account and how to proceed with designing/controlling the strength of adhesive bonded joints. Mathematical models are supplemented by material data from experimental tests. The proposed methodology...
Modification of Clamping System Designated for Automatic Workpiece Exchange
Matej Kandera, Miroslav Císar, Ivan Kuric
Manufacturing Technology 2019, 19(3):414-418 | DOI: 10.21062/ujep/306.2019/a/1213-2489/MT/19/3/414
Automatic workpiece exchange is one of the important parts of every flexible manufacturing system. This part largely allows complete automation of the component's production cycle. It also greatly contributes to a significant reduction in the workpiece clamping times and contribute to a reduction in the downtime during the machining process. It also allows eliminating a human factor from the production process, thereby contributing to greater machine utilization and higher machining productivity. This article describes certain modifications of interchangeable pallet system designated for specific training CNC machine tool EMCO Concept Mill 105 situated...
Manipulation with Raw Ceramic Chimney Pipes
Tomas Kellner, Martin Kyncl, Jiri Kyncl, Michal Koptis, Jan Urban, Libor Beranek, Miroslav Kotoucek
Manufacturing Technology 2019, 19(3):419-425 | DOI: 10.21062/ujep/307.2019/a/1213-2489/MT/19/3/419
The aim of the paper is to describe the design of the manipulation system for the raw ceramic chimney pipe raw blank to avoid deformation of the pipe during handling and to increase the productivity of the manufacturing process. The process of manufacturing of a ceramic chimney pipe begins with extrusion of the raw refractory material. The extruded semi-finished product is then processed and then transferred by hand to a kiln car on which it is dried and fired. It is this manipulation that heavily contributes in the deformation of the fired chimney pipes. Due to the low stiffness of the raw ceramic chimney pipe, deformation occurs by manual handling....
Mechanical Properties of Polymeric Composite Based on Pine Seeds Production Residues
Viktor Kolář, Martin Tichý, Miroslav Müller
Manufacturing Technology 2019, 19(3):426-430 | DOI: 10.21062/ujep/308.2019/a/1213-2489/MT/19/3/426
An aim of the research is mechanical properties evaluation of the polymeric particulate composite based on the pine seeds production residues, i.e. the pinecones. Current trends in composite materials field are a substitution of synthetic fillers by biological fillers. An adhesive modification by biological fillers can improve its mechanical properties and reduce cost, which reduces total costs for composite system production. The polymeric adhesive was modified by the filler with concentration 30 wt. % and tested on mechanical properties i.e. the tensile strength, the elongation at break, the hardness and the impact strength. Results of the statistical...
Increasing of Precision Technology of Glass Sorting Based on Very Fast Reconfigurable Image Processing
David Krcmarik, Michal Petru, Ivan Masin
Manufacturing Technology 2019, 19(3):431-438 | DOI: 10.21062/ujep/309.2019/a/1213-2489/MT/19/3/431
The paper deals with a method and technology for increasing of precision sorting of transparent materials - glass. The recycled glass is a valuable material which is necessary as an ingredient in the process of glass manufacturing. We propose a very fast industrial device based on FPGA (field-programmable gate array) image processing along with a novel algorithm for a robust real-time treatment of acquired data. The system consists from a line-scan camera with fast CameraLink interface, FPGA processing, battery of valves propelled via pneumatics and nozzle block. Very important part of the system is a background configuration software enables precise...
The Application of PFMEA for Roller Bearings Production
Lucie Krejci, Vladimira Schindlerova, Michal Bucko, Ivo Hlavaty, Milos Mician
Manufacturing Technology 2019, 19(3):439-445 | DOI: 10.21062/ujep/310.2019/a/1213-2489/MT/19/3/439
An important trend today is the continual improvement of product quality with the objective of increased customer satisfaction, but also leading to more effective cost reduction management. Effective quality management in a company also enables increasing production productivity thanks to the increasing amount of top-quality products made and the consequent minimalization of repairs of non-conforming workpieces. This contribution deals with one of the important tools for ensuring quality in the production process using the FMEA (Failure Mode and Effect Analysis) method used in the production of roller bearings for the automobile industry.
Porous Diamond Grinding Wheels on Ceramic Binders: Design and Manufacturing
János Kundrák, Dmitri O. Fedorenko, Vladimir A. Fedorovich, Elena Y. Fedorenko, Evgeni V. Ostroverkh
Manufacturing Technology 2019, 19(3):446-454 | DOI: 10.21062/ujep/311.2019/a/1213-2489/MT/19/3/446
An approach to increasing the efficiency of the diamond grinding of hard-working materials is shown. A well-founded choice of characteristics of the diamond-bearing layer of the tool can be made through analyzing the results of 3D modeling of the processes of formation and operation of the diamond-bearing layer and stresses upon it. Diamond wheels formed on porous ceramic binders are investigated and discussed.
Functional Calculation of a Driving Mechanism of a Handling Machine for Disabled Persons
Pavol Kurcik, Miroslav Blatnicky, Jan Dizo
Manufacturing Technology 2019, 19(3):455-460 | DOI: 10.21062/ujep/312.2019/a/1213-2489/MT/19/3/455
This article deals with state-of-art in the field of handling machines intended for disabled people, which serve for disabled entry of such people and for people with delimited locomotion. It contains calculation of forces, which act in the mechanical system of an electric device during its operation in real conditions, changes of reactions depending on the load and the climbing angle as this solved handling machine will designed for negotiation of staircases. The objective is the functional calculation of a driving mechanism of a stair chair marked SA Alfa, i. e. the calculation of loading forces and their action on the driving mechanism. It will...
The Impact of Changes in InFeed Rate on Surface Integrity after Chrome Plate Grinding by Microcrystalline Corundum
Martin Marek, Martin Novák, Karel Šramhauser
Manufacturing Technology 2019, 19(3):461-468 | DOI: 10.21062/ujep/313.2019/a/1213-2489/MT/19/3/461
The efficient processing of materials, the development of machine concepts and grinding tools, as well as growing environmental and economic pressure are existing challenges in grinding. Chromium coatings are mainly used for components where corrosion protection is required, but also for the repair of worn parts. This paper presents and discusses the possibilities of utilizing changes in feed rate to achieve guaranteed surface integrity, which is very important for the life of the component. The results are presented in the form of tables and graphs, where I focus mainly on parameters of surface roughness and circularity.
Minimum Warpage Prediction in Plastic Injection Process using Taguchi Method and Simulation
Sigit Yoewono Martowibowo, Reaksa Khloeun
Manufacturing Technology 2019, 19(3):469-476 | DOI: 10.21062/ujep/314.2019/a/1213-2489/MT/19/3/469
Plastic materials are used in automobile, electrical and electronic applications, agricultural utilization, household and furniture products, and medical equipments. Among various plastic manufacturing process, injection molding is one of the most commonly used and common methods applied for forming plastic products in the industry. The process requires a molten polymer being injected into a cavity of a mold, which is cooled and the product ejected from the mold. During the Plastic Injection Molding (PIM) process, various defects, such as volumetric shrinkage, warpage, weld line and sink mark can occur. This paper presents a method to minimizing warpage...
The Influence of Finishing Operations on the Surface Quality of Injected Parts
Martin Ovsik, Lenka Hylova, Martin Reznicek, Vojtech Senkerik, Michal Stanek
Manufacturing Technology 2019, 19(3):477-481 | DOI: 10.21062/ujep/315.2019/a/1213-2489/MT/19/3/477
In the production of plastics tools, due to the high mould price, high demands are placed on cost reduction or shortening mould production times. The price of the injection mould is reflected not only in the price of used injection material but also in the price of its own production.Mould form cavities were made with different materials and different machining technology (finishing methods). Various polymeric materials were injected into the cavities thus prepared, and the surface quality of the samples was evaluated and compared to the quality of the surface cavities, thereby verifying the copying of the surface of the mould cavity onto the...
Effect of Hydraulic Oil Entering the Cutting Fluid on the Tool Life and Roughness in Milling of Structural Steel
Alexey Popov, Mikhail Khramenkov
Manufacturing Technology 2019, 19(3):482-486 | DOI: 10.21062/ujep/316.2019/a/1213-2489/MT/19/3/482
Thanks to their chemical and physical properties, the cutting fluids can significantly affect the process of machining - the use of cutting fluid reduces the roughness of the machined surface and increases the tool life. However, during the machining the oil from the hydraulic system of the machine often gets into the cutting fluid, which can alter the properties of the cutting fluid. In scientific literature there is no information on the effect of the hydraulic oil entering the cutting fluid on the tool life and roughness in machining of the structural steel. In this regard, at the laboratory of the Department of Machining and Assembly of the Technical...
Dynamic Analysis and Optimization of the Planar Model of the Trolleybus Škoda 21Tr
Stefan Segľa, Jan Kampo, Josef Soukup
Manufacturing Technology 2019, 19(3):487-491 | DOI: 10.21062/ujep/317.2019/a/1213-2489/MT/19/3/487
The article deals about modelling, dynamic analysis and optimization of stiffness and damping parameters of the main suspension of the Škoda 21Tr trolleybus. The trolleybus is excited by a ride on a rough road modelled using the Shinozuka method with the specified spectral power density. After examining the impact of tire stiffness and damping on the effective values of driving comfort characteristics, dynamic tire-to-road forces, and relative displacements between sprung and unsprang mass, the effect of spring stiffness and damping of dampers in main suspension are investigated. After selecting appropriate optimization parameters, the stiffness and...
The Effect of Welding Parameters on the Properties of Join between Studs and Steel Sheet USIBOR Type 22MnB5
Pavol Sejč, Judita Belanová
Manufacturing Technology 2019, 19(3):492-498 | DOI: 10.21062/ujep/318.2019/a/1213-2489/MT/19/3/492
To build the car body parts of today's cars, materials of higher strength are used on an ever-wider scale. They are, for example, boron-containing steels, which are highly resistant to special thermo-mechanical processing, coated with AlSi; e.g. USIBOR 22MnB5 type materials. For the final assembly of all body mounting components, it is necessary to apply different types of joining stud elements. One of the possibilities of making joinings between sheets and fastening elements - studs is the technology of short-circuit stud welding.This article aims to evaluate the influence of welding parameters of steel studs on high-strength steel sheet type...
Finite Element Modelling of Shock Wave Propagation Over Obstacles
Josef Soukup, František Klimenda, Jan Skočilas, Milan Žmindák
Manufacturing Technology 2019, 19(3):499-507 | DOI: 10.21062/ujep/319.2019/a/1213-2489/MT/19/3/499
The current software allows to simulate the behavior of the technical objects on the pressure wave of detonation fumes, the spread of the air and the action on the construction, and on the people. It is possible to simulate the changed conditions and their effect on objects without that it would be necessary to make costly and time consuming tests. Modeling of the pressure wave belongs to the fluid flow interference and obstacles in the flow. This paper aims to develop simulation models based on the finite element method for the elasto-plastic wave propagation from the explosion of a spherical explosive. First, it is analyzing the propagation of pressure...
Possibilities of Creating a Mechanism on FDM 3D Printer
Jan Strnad, Martin Reznicek, Kristyna Jelinkova, Vaclav Janostik, Martin Ovsik
Manufacturing Technology 2019, 19(3):508-512 | DOI: 10.21062/ujep/320.2019/a/1213-2489/MT/19/3/508
The article deals with additive manufacturing technologies especially with ability to create reports on FDM 3D printers. These assemblies are non-disambiguable. Therefore, it is important to choose the optimal magnitude of the deviation between the walls so that the mechanism has the required mobility. These deviations are examined in several materials with different rheological properties. Finally, the dependence of the magnitude of the variance between the walls and the thickness of the layer for the given materials is shown. The result is the recommendation of modelling and printing parameters.
Composite External Fixators: Design with Subsequent FEM Analysis Optimization
Filip Tomanec, Sona Rusnakova, Jiri Kohut, Martina Kalova
Manufacturing Technology 2019, 19(3):513-517 | DOI: 10.21062/ujep/321.2019/a/1213-2489/MT/19/3/513
An application of external fixator is a surgical method for the treatment of large bones fractures. This method has been proposed already a century ago, but despite the extensive development of science and technology, the fixator is often used in the original state of the proposal. [1] Therefore the patient and surgeons are dissatisfied with high weight and poor mobility of fixator during surgery and healing process. [2] Due to this fact it is necessary to apply new 3D technologies into this field of orthopedics and thus improve the current state of this tool. [3] In an account of this information, the 3D model of a new composite external fixator was...
Matlab-based Calculation Method for Partitioning a Free-form Surface into Regions
Tuong Nguyen Van, Natasa Naprstkova
Manufacturing Technology 2019, 19(3):518-524 | DOI: 10.21062/ujep/322.2019/a/1213-2489/MT/19/3/518
A Matlab-based calculation method which can be used to partition a free-form surface into regions is presented in this paper. Based on surface curvatures and Freeman chain code technique, a free-form surface can be devided into convex, concave and saddle regions. A Matlab program containing some M-function and script files was developed to create the mathematical model of the free-form surface, calculate the surface properties, and find the points on the boundaries of the regions. Two surfaces were given as examples to show that the program runs well and output of the program was used to create the CAD (Computer Aided Design) model of the partitioned...
Titanium and Technological Problems of Its Machining
Karol Vasilko
Manufacturing Technology 2019, 19(3):525-530 | DOI: 10.21062/ujep/323.2019/a/1213-2489/MT/19/3/525
Titanium is considered to be the metal of the 21st century . A material which has small density (at least two-three times smaller than iron), plasticity, shapeability, high resistance, rigidity and longevity has been required for a long time. It is required not to loose those features at high temperatures, be non-degradable in air, river and sea water, not to be soluble in acides and lyes; at the same time, it requires to have sufficient amount in terrestrial crust. Titanium is such a material. Due to its specific qualities, its applications have been spreading into many areas such as medicine (implants), space (material for space technology), chemical...
Optimization of the Structural Parameters of Fisheye Contact Pairs by RSM
Maohua Xiao, Jun Guo, Xinhua Lu, Liping Shi, Jing Zhang, Hong Lin
Manufacturing Technology 2019, 19(3):531-536 | DOI: 10.21062/ujep/324.2019/a/1213-2489/MT/19/3/531
Fisheye contact pair is an important component of board level interconnection products wide range of applications. However, insertion and withdrawal force have great influence on the contact deformation due to their small size and complex structure. In this paper to the fisheye contact pairs of interconnection products as the research object, the main parameters were analyzed which could affect the contact deformation of fisheye structure, and factor analysis of them were performed. And three relatively more significant factors were extracted. The simulation based on Response Surface Methodology (RSM) is designed, And the experimental data was conducted...
Parallel Optimization of the Balancing and Sequencing for Mixed-model Assembly Lines
Wei Zhang, Liang Hou, Yawen Gan, Changhua Xu, Xiangjian Bu, Haojing Lin
Manufacturing Technology 2019, 19(3):537-544 | DOI: 10.21062/ujep/325.2019/a/1213-2489/MT/19/3/537
The traditional Mixed-model Assembly Lines (MMALS) balancing and sequencing serial design methods are difficult to adapt to rapidly changing requirements. From the perspective of the parallel design of balancing and sequencing, a mixed integer linear programming model for MMALS balancing and sequencing is proposed. An improved particle swarm optimization (PSO) algo-rithm was proposed, in the process of updating the optimal solution, the simulated annealing (SA) algorithm is added to make it possible to jump out of the local optimum with a certain probability and expand the solution selection to the entire population. Based on the algorithm, random...