Manufacturing Technology Journal, 2020 (vol. 20), issue 2
Modeling and Simulation of Composite Materials for SLS-Based 3D Printing
Md Hazrat Ali, Gaziz Yerbolat, Anuar Abilgaziyev
Manufacturing Technology 2020, 20(2):135-142 | DOI: 10.21062/mft.2020.041 
This paper discusses the modeling and simulation results of a new multi-material for a cost-effective Selective Laser Sintering (SLS)-based 3D printer. As this technology utilizes several materials, the me-chanical property analysis of multi-materials is crucial for manufacturing an object with the desired physical characteristics. Firstly, the development of a database of the SLS 3D printing materials is ac-complished and based on the mechanical properties of materials, this optimization technique is proposed. Secondly, enhancement of physical property by stiffeners is considered and based on the stiffening tech-nology, and an alternative optimization...
Application of Lean Manufacturing Methods to Streamline the Welding Line
Michal Bucko, Vladimira Schindlerova, Ivana Sajdlerova
Manufacturing Technology 2020, 20(2):143-151 | DOI: 10.21062/mft.2020.032
This paper deals with the use of lean manufacturing methods to streamline the welding line in the au-tomotive industry. The automotive industry is constantly developing and innovating its production envi-ronments and technology because of growing competition on the market and customer demands. Cur-rent trends of car makers include pressure to reduce costs and increase production efficiency. With the commencement of new technologies, the production lines began to innovate and the production cycle began to constantly accelerate. The paper deals with the reconstruction of the welding line, which produces parts for the rear axle of a compact SUV. The case...
Quality Evaluation of Carburized Surfaces of Steels Used in Military Technology
David Dobrocky, Zdenek Joska, Zbynek Studeny, Zdenek Pokorny, Emil Svoboda
Manufacturing Technology 2020, 20(2):152-161 | DOI: 10.21062/mft.2020.028
Carburizing is used in applications where there is a high demand for surface hardness and abrasion resistance along with core toughness requirements. Carburizing is mainly used for parts which are subjected to abrasion, such as shafts, pins, gears, cams, etc. At the same time as the hardness of the surface layer increases, the fatigue limit of the steel increases after carburizing. The article deals with the evaluation of surface quality of carburized steels 16MnCr5 and 14NiCr14 in terms of surface texture change and dimension change after application of car-burizing. The analysed steels are used mainly in the production of gear wheels for gearboxes...
Analysis of the outer surface geometry on drawn tubes
Augustín Görög, Ingrid Görögová
Manufacturing Technology 2020, 20(2):162-169 | DOI: 10.21062/mft.2020.037
Technological conditions of tube drawing influence the properties of the resulting products. In addition to mechan-ical properties, they also affect the geometry of the drawing tube ? macro geometry and microgeometry. The paper presents the results of measurements of macro geometry (roundness and cylindricity) and micro geometry (surface roughness) of the outer surface of the drawn tube. Tubes (STN 41 1353) were drawn through dies with different reduction angles (6° and 12°). On used fixed mandrels were ground the straight and spiral grooves. The effect of these grooves and hence the deformation itself has also been manifested on the outer surface...
The formation and elimination of the negative influence of porosity on the properties of the alloy castings AlSi10Mg
Iryna Hren, Milan Luňák, Sylvia Kuśmierczak
Manufacturing Technology 2020, 20(2):170-176 | DOI: 10.21062/mft.2020.034
Aluminum alloys are often contaminated with non-metallic inclusions. A large number of these phases accelerate the tendency of porosity in castings, significantly reduce corrosion resistance and above all affect mechanical properties. Melting is one of the conventional methods for removing inclusions from melt. The efficiency of this process is influenced by several parameters such as the chemical composition of the melt, the amount of refining substances (wire, salts, tablets), the melting point and the casting method. Therefore, an experiment was performed to evaluate the effect of PROBAT FLUSS MIKRO 100 on the structural integrity in AlSi10Mg alloy....
Identification of virgin martensite in quenched microstructures of new generation of forging steels with higher silicon content using colour etching
Štěpán Jeníček, Ivan Vorel, Michal Peković
Manufacturing Technology 2020, 20(2):177-182 | DOI: 10.21062/mft.2020.022
Observation and identification of products of transformation of austenite during austempering, Q-P processing, or quenching and tempering are often challenging. The reason is that the resulting microstructures are typically very fine and provide insufficient contrast between microstructural components. Their analysis requires scanning or transmission electron microscopy which demand rather complex sample preparation procedures and involve high costs of maintenance of microscopes and accessories. However, in-process inspection of products of heat treatment calls for simpler and rapid methods of microstructure analysis using a light microscope.
Comparison of Experimental Investigation of Deflection of the Sandwich Composite Beam by Optic-fibre Gauge with Theoretical Models
Dita Jiroutova
Manufacturing Technology 2020, 20(2):183-189 | DOI: 10.21062/mft.2020.040
The aim of the article is to compare the experimental investigation of deflection of the sandwich composite beam with theoretical models. The experimental test specimens were composed of three layers. Skins were made using epoxy-resin-impregnated glass laminates with plain weave. The light weight foam Divinycell H100 was used as sandwich core. The three-point bending test was carried out. Fibre-optic strain gauges, SOFO SMARTape Compact deformation sensors, were used for determining the deflection of the sandwich composite structure. Experimentally obtained data were used for comparison with theoretical models – sandwich theory with the transverse...
Determination of cohesive parameters for mode II of epoxy adhesive
Tomáš Kalina
Manufacturing Technology 2020, 20(2):190-194 | DOI: 10.21062/mft.2020.042
The paper deals with the determination of cohesive parameters of adhesive Scotch-Weld DP490 3M. Mode II of cohesive damage were examined. Experimental testing was performed on the test specimens to determine the me-chanical properties of the adhesive according to ASTM D7905. The results of the experimental testing were com-pared with the numerical simulation of the same test. The cohesive parameters of the adhesive were obtained from the numerical simulation. Cohesive parameters of adhesive can be used to design real complex adhesive bonded joints. Cohesive models (specifically cohesive contacts or cohesive elements) are one of the most accurate methods...
Rapid Tube Hydroforming – The Innovative Casting-Forming Method for Rapid Prototyping
Andrzej Kochański, Hanna Sadłowska
Manufacturing Technology 2020, 20(2):195-199 | DOI: 10.21062/mft.2020.039
In the recent years, the demand for weight reduction in modern vehicle construction has led to an increase in the application of hydroforming processes for production of automotive and aerospace lightweight components. The tube hydroforming measurement site (TH stand), designed and built at Warsaw University of Technology allows both die, and free tube hydroforming processes to be performed, thereby making it possible to obtain information about the material, as well as optimal process parameters [1][2]. The present freshly patented method for metal tube hydroforming is dedicated to short product series or even single products and prototypes [3]. The...
Application of composite materials in sports optics
Radim Kupčák, Jan Zouhar
Manufacturing Technology 2020, 20(2):200-209 | DOI: 10.21062/mft.2020.038
CFRP (Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymers) are often used when designing parts that need to be stiff, light and thermally stable. These benefits are a big motivation to use CFRP in many applications, one of them could be sports optics. However, optical devices require precise dimensions with tight tolerances for the opti-cal assembly to work correctly. In order to determine if CFRP could be a suitable material of choice for sports optics a simplified body of binoculars was designed. The main purpose of this prototype was to prove the possibility of using CFRP in binoculars. The tubular body was manufactured by prepreg lay-up into a 3D printed mold, followed...
Development of a Specialized Lathe Chuck for Turning Operations of Cast Iron Rope Wheels
Izabela Miturska, Anna Rudawska, Nadežda Čuboňová, Nataša Náprstková
Manufacturing Technology 2020, 20(2):210-216 | DOI: 10.21062/mft.2020.026
The use of lathe chucks in machine building companies is the result of a great deal of work and the develop-ment of technical thought. Due to the progress and the possibility of increasing efficiency and at the same time relieving people from work that requires a lot of effort, especially physical effort, the use of better and more efficient production methods is a target that should be pursued nowadays. In the manufacturing pro-cess, these objectives can be achieved with the use of dedicated equipment. The following work will present an example of a lathe chuck specialized in turning operations. The aim of the work was to use a universal chuck as...
Influence of Heating Rate on the Transformation Temperature Change in Selected Steel Types
Jaromír Moravec, Iva Nováková, Jiří Vondráček
Manufacturing Technology 2020, 20(2):217-222 | DOI: 10.21062/mft.2020.024
The paper is focused on the polymorphic transformations of selected steel types. Generally, when creating CCT diagrams, the transformation temperature values Ac1 and Ac3 are determined under at very low heating rates (max. 0.1 °C?s-1). The only exceptions are so-called in-situ CCT diagrams, which are determined based upon the real temperature cycles. However, in the case of dynamic processes such as welding technology or heat treatment with magnetic induction heating, cannot be used information from conventional CCT diagrams. Incorrectly selected temperatures lead either to incomplete austenitizing during heat treatment or to a different development...
Research on wear resistance of polymeric composite materials based on microparticles from tyre recyclation process
Miroslav Müller, Anna Rudawska, Martin Tichý, Viktor Kolář, Monika Hromasová
Manufacturing Technology 2020, 20(2):223-228 | DOI: 10.21062/mft.2020.031
A huge amount of waste comes into being from tyres which cannot already be used for their purpose. There are many ways how to utilize this waste but material recyclation is a priority. Waste tyre rubbers can be processed into a form of granulate which can be used into polymeric composite materials. This research deals with possibili-ties of tyre waste composite material utilization in areas distinguished for wear. The aim of the research was an assessment of a usage possibility of rubber powder (RP) coming into being from tyre recyclation process as a filler into a thermosetting matrix from firm Havel Composite applied into composite boards made by...
Analysis of small holes manufacturing for optomechanical components
Jan Podaný, Jan Tomíček
Manufacturing Technology 2020, 20(2):229-236 | DOI: 10.21062/mft.2020.036
Small holes can be manufactured by several ways. It is important to define in what dimensions the small holes vary. Anyway, drilling is one of the oldest technologies of holes manufacturing. In small dimensions we use the term microdrilling for description. Beside this conventional way of manufacture there are also unconventional methods. Microdrilling bits very often break before they are worn. Therefore, the tool life of these bits its quite unexpectable. It is due to relatively high load against the drill bit strength. So, it is important to choose proper drill bit material, cutting geometry, construction, process liquid, clamping and cutting conditions....
Determination of mechanical properties of materials used for 3D printing
Josef Sedlak, Josef Chladil, Martin Cerny, Ales Polzer, Matus Varhanik, David Dobrocky, Zdenek Joska, Zdenek Pokorny
Manufacturing Technology 2020, 20(2):237-243 | DOI: 10.21062/mft.2020.029
The presented paper deals with determination of mechanical properties of materials used for 3D printing (ABS, nylon and PLA). The theoretical part of the paper characterizes the static tensile test by which selected me-chanical properties of samples were evaluated. The practical part of the paper characterizes the additive technolo-gy Fused Deposition Modelling, by means of which standardized plastic samples were printed on the 3D printer. The practical part also deals with analysis of selected mechanical properties of samples made by Soft Tooling technolo-gy. SG 2000 and SG 145 polyurethane resins were used for the production of samples using Soft...
Potential of using burning equipment in the engineering company and metallurgy
Vladimíra Schindlerová, Michal Bučko, Ivana Šajdlerová
Manufacturing Technology 2020, 20(2):244-249 | DOI: 10.21062/mft.2020.033
Currently, companies have been trying to make the use of their technology, manufacturing capabilities and experienced workforce to respond flexibly to market demands. Collecting and processing of all relevant data in the company is one of the key points to which increased attention should be paid so as to maximize the efficient use of own resources and consequently ensure a continuous reduction of pro-duction costs. The article deals with the use of burning machines in engineering company. The product range involves the production of burnouts from standard and special materials as well as welded steel parts of structures. The company has long struggled...
Milling of Technical Ceramics ROCAR SiSiC
Dana Stancekova, Jozef Mrázik, Ingrid Görögová, Izabela Miturska, Peter Ščotka, Filip Turian
Manufacturing Technology 2020, 20(2):250-256 | DOI: 10.21062/mft.2020.025
The paper deals with hard machining of ceramic construction materials that are still more applied in the automo-bile industry as well as other branches due to their specific properties, such as hardness, corrosion resistance, heat resistance, etc. Concretely, we speak of milling of technical ceramics ROCAR SiSiC. Our intention is the right se-lection of suitable tool materials, tool geometry as well as a definition of optimum cutting parameters by the min-imum cost. After the selection of optimum technology, identified cutting plates were compared and experimentally verified in the process. Results of verifications the right choice of selected cutting...
Assessment of selected properties of treated tool surfaces examined to increase tool life time
Miroslava Ťavodová, Richard Hnilica
Manufacturing Technology 2020, 20(2):257-264 | DOI: 10.21062/mft.2020.023
The article deals with the evaluation of interactions between abrasive particles and treated sample surfaces. It represents a summary of the knowledge gained from research the wear of tools for crushing unwanted growths. Samples of materials were tested under laboratory conditions. The hardness of HRC and HV10 was evaluated in the experiment, abrasive wear rate, assessed according to standard GOST 23.208-79. The depth of the track under test disc by using silicon abrasive particles was also evaluated. Furthermore, the hardness coefficient KT relative to the base material of the tool - 16MnCr5 steel and the hardness of abrasive were determined. By comparing...
Improving the drilling process by its adaptive control
Karol Vasilko
Manufacturing Technology 2020, 20(2):265-269 | DOI: 10.21062/mft.2020.021
Experience with the use of NC machine tools shows that cutting conditions cannot be optimized without a more detailed knowledge of the machining process. The essence of the adaptive machining system lies in the response to he machining conditions (change in allowance, cutting width, material hardness). In doing so, it allowance a constant selected parameter, e. g. cutting force.
Weight and price optimization of truss construction with using genetic algorithm
Lukáš Zeizinger, Martin Jonák
Manufacturing Technology 2020, 20(2):270-275 | DOI: 10.21062/mft.2020.030
This article deals with optimization of the truss structure. A genetic algorithm is used for this optimization. Within the strength calculation of the truss structure a normative assessment of the beam and their buckling stability is implemented. Also, the entire calculation is designed to use only standard profiles. In the first task, the optimization is focused on the weight of the structure, and in the second, on its price. There are also developments using different population sizes for individual cases, which will be described below. At the end of the work, a hypothesis is made for the link between price optimization and weight reduction.