Manufacturing Technology Journal, 2014 (vol. 14), issue 1
Dynamic Forces in Unstable Cutting during Turning Operation
Pavel Bach, Miloš Poláček, Petr Chvojka, Jiří Drobílek
Manufacturing Technology 2014, 14(1):3-8 | DOI: 10.21062/ujep/x.2014/a/1213-2489/MT/14/1/3 
The theory of self-excited vibrations (chatter) in machining, formulated in the 1950s, assumes a single cutting force. The assumption of a single cutting force in unstable cutting is commonly accepted to this day. In this paper, we will present the reader and listener with a hypothesis concerning the effect of several dynamic forces acting on unstable cutting during turning operations. A new form of the force model will be presented. The calculation of stability limit as well as accuracy of the prediction of stable cutting conditions depends on this model. The validity of the hypothesis has yet to be demonstrated. Preparations for verification experiments...
Evaluation of Adhesive Bond Strength Depending on Degradation Type and Time
Jan Cidlina, Miroslav Muller, Petr Valasek
Manufacturing Technology 2014, 14(1):8-12 | DOI: 10.21062/ujep/x.2014/a/1213-2489/MT/14/1/8
Owing to the evolution an adhesive bonding technology can be a complement of the classical methods as well as their compensation in the area of the bonding materials. Although the adhesive bonding technology has many advantages there are also some limits that contain an adhesive degradation which leads to the lowering of a strength function. In this study specimens were prepared with methyl-methacrylate adhesive (MMA) (Novatit - adhesive) and steel sheets, and the effect of degradation conditions at the room temperature on the adhesive bond strength was studied. Part of the specimens was exposed to a dehydration after the degradation time. The results...
The Detection of Artificially Made Defects in Welded Joint with Ultrasonic Defectoscopy Phased Array
Daniel Dopjera, Miloš Mičian
Manufacturing Technology 2014, 14(1):12-17 | DOI: 10.21062/ujep/x.2014/a/1213-2489/MT/14/1/12
The article describes the fundamental physical principles of the ultrasonic defectoscopy Phased Array, which provides new possibilities in the non-destructive testing (NDT) of materials, especially of welded joints. There is a report from the ultrasonic testing of welded joint with ultrasonic flaw detector OmniScan MX2 from the company Olympus NDT. The artificial defects were designed in software ESBeamTool 5 from the company Eclipse Scientific, which simulates the geometrical ultrasonic beams spread. Then, ultrasonic testing was performed at the same welded joint with artificially made defects. At the end, data from both ultrasonic testing were evaluated....
Barkhausen Noise Emission of Surfaces Produced by Hard Milling Process
Tomáš Hrabovský, Miroslav Neslušan, Branislav Mičieta, Mária Čilliková, Anna Mičietová
Manufacturing Technology 2014, 14(1):17-23 | DOI: 10.21062/ujep/x.2014/a/1213-2489/MT/14/1/17
This paper deals with influence of tool wear on surface integrity after hard turning expressed mainly through the Barkhausen noise responses. Grinding operations can be sometimes replaced by hard machining (hard turning and milling). Chip separation in hard turning differs from mechanism of chip separation during grinding. For this reason surface integrity expressed in variable terms differs. Surface integrity can be expressed in such term as surface roughness, shape deviations as well as characteristics such as residual stresses, structure transformations, and microhardness alteration. Being so, it can be beneficial to apply the suitable nondestructive...
Diagnostics of CNC Machine Tools in Manufacturing Process with Laser Interferometer Technology
Jerzy Józwik, Ivan Kuric, Milan Sága, Paweł Lonkwic
Manufacturing Technology 2014, 14(1):23-30 | DOI: 10.21062/ujep/x.2014/a/1213-2489/MT/14/1/23
The paper analyses the influence of the feed motion speed vf on the value of measured geometric errors of the four-axis vertical machining centre CNC FV-580A with the FANUC 0IMB numerical control system. The tests were conducted with LSP 30 Compact laser interferometer (by Lasertex). Examples of modern, laser diagnostic systems of numerically controlled CNC machine tools were characterised in the article. Self-tracking laser interferometer LaserTRACER, diagnostic appliance LaserTRACER-MT, laser interferometer with XL80 with environmental parameters' measuring module XC80 and with heat sensors along with XR20-W calibrator were presented. Measurement...
The Powdered Magnets Technology Improvement by Biencapsulation Method and its Effect on Mechanical Properties
Dorota Klimecka-Tatar
Manufacturing Technology 2014, 14(1):30-36 | DOI: 10.21062/ujep/x.2014/a/1213-2489/MT/14/1/30
In this paper the technological process of bonded magnets manufacturing was described. The greatest dangers arising during the process steps that have a significant impact on magnetic, chemical and thermodynamic stability Nd-Fe-B bonded type of magnetic materials were also indicated. The effect of the biencapsulation of Nd12Fe77Co5B6 powder particles with Ni-P/epoxy resin, phosphate/epoxy resin and Cu/epoxy resin layers on the finale magnets has been evaluated. The production processes in technological terms in original and after improving modification were presented - the technological process taking into account the stage of powder surface etching...
Influence of the Thermodynamic Phenomena on the Optimum Cutting Parameters in Grinding
Karel Kocman
Manufacturing Technology 2014, 14(1):36-41 | DOI: 10.21062/ujep/x.2014/a/1213-2489/MT/14/1/36
The quantitative and qualitative results of the technological process are mostly determined by the level of finishing operations, which include particularly the grinding. It is characterized by high precision, the accuracy of geometric shape and generally a very good quality of surface. One of the factors to achieve the desired quality of the finished surfaces is in particular the knowledge of the effect of temperature of the contact surface of the grinding wheel and the ground piece. The article specifies the methodology of quantification of the impact of cutting parameters on the temperature of the grinding. Another requirement is the proper choice...
Non-destructive Testing of Welds in Gas Pipelines Repairs with Phased Array Ultrasonic Technique
Radoslav Koňár, Milos Mičian
Manufacturing Technology 2014, 14(1):42-47 | DOI: 10.21062/ujep/x.2014/a/1213-2489/MT/14/1/42
The work deals with non-destructive ultrasonic testing of butt and circumferential fillet welds in the repairing of gas pipelines. The new ultrasonic technique Phased Array was used for testing. The article compared the results of Phased Array ultrasonic inspection to X-ray inspection. Experimental samples were taken from real gas pipelines' repairs. It is a circumferential butt joint connecting 2 gas pipelines and 2 other types of circumferential fillet welds occurring during repairs of gas pipelines with pressure steel and steel patch. Experimental testing was conducted on ultrasonic flaw detector OmniScan MX2 by Olympus. Indications of defects in...
Effect of Machining the Load Capacity Notched Components
Michal Lattner, Frantisek Holesovsky
Manufacturing Technology 2014, 14(1):47-50 | DOI: 10.21062/ujep/x.2014/a/1213-2489/MT/14/1/47
Nowadays is issue investigation the notch problems and their influence on component durability. For many manufactured components, we find various types of notches, such as grooves, step and holes. They have a tend to be the place where is concentrated stress, so called the macroscopic stress concentrator. In this area is higher risk of part destruction. Nowadays, there are hypotheses that are based on the assumption that the higher the roughness, the lower the durability. In many cases the designers prescribe unnecessarily high surface quality. It is necessary to maintain adequate quality of the surface, and also necessary that the component has attained...
Quality Evaluation of Surface Layer in Highly Accurate Manufacturing
Stanislaw Legutko, Grzegorz Krolczyk, Jolanta Krolczyk
Manufacturing Technology 2014, 14(1):50-56 | DOI: 10.21062/ujep/x.2014/a/1213-2489/MT/14/1/50
Precise characterization of surface topography is very important in many engineering industries. This paper describes potential possibilities of using optical 3D (three dimensional) measurement methods in surface metrology. Surface integrity describes the status and attributes of the machined surface. This paper presents possibilities of using and measurements of surface integrity, namely the surface topography and the physical parameters of which are analysis of microstructure and microhardness of the surface layer.
Evaluation of Mechanical Properties of Samples Printed by FDM Method
Miloslav Linda, Miroslav Müller, Rostislav Chotěborský
Manufacturing Technology 2014, 14(1):56-60 | DOI: 10.21062/ujep/x.2014/a/1213-2489/MT/14/1/56
To ensure optimal conditions of instruction in technical subjects it is fundamental to have laboratory trainings where students learn methods of the material measuring and they get pieces of knowledge about a test equipment. Financial cost of samples leads to minimizing laboratory trainings. It can be solved by fused deposition modelling (FDM). The aim of the research was to test a possibility to use test samples made by means of FDM method for an implementation within the practical training. Within the research two standard materials determined for FDM (that means ABS plastic and PLA) were used. Test samples were made / printed by a printer EASY3DMAKER...
Concept of Repairing Branch Pipes on High-Pressure Pipelines by Using Split Sleeve
Miloš Mičian, Marek Patek, Augustín Sládek
Manufacturing Technology 2014, 14(1):60-66 | DOI: 10.21062/ujep/x.2014/a/1213-2489/MT/14/1/60
Repairs of branch connections defects on high-pressure pipelines allied to gas-escape are nowadays difficult processes. The reason is necessity of performing sections of damaged pipeline that is connected with transport medium layoff or with using technology of by-pass installing around damaged part of pipeline. In article, a concept of technology of branch connections repairing by split pressure sleeve is presented, which is in recent times realised only at straight sections of pipelines. Concept consist of split sleeve design along with wall thickness optimization in simulation software ANSYS. Concept of internal space of sleeve sealing up from welding...
Influence of Cutting Conditions and Grinding Wheel Wear on Barkhausen Noise of Ground Surfaces
Marián Mičúch, Mária Čilliková, Miroslav Neslušan, Anna Mičetová
Manufacturing Technology 2014, 14(1):66-71 | DOI: 10.21062/ujep/x.2014/a/1213-2489/MT/14/1/66
This paper is a part of the more detail research focused on the specific problems during grinding of bearing rings of diameters in the range of 600 up to 1000 mm. The paper discusses the specific aspects of surface burn after grinding associated with insufficient coolant feeding as well as the variable grinding conditions. Measurements are based on micromagnetic evaluation of ground surfaces due to large diameter of inspected rings and very fast response of the proposed technique. Magnetic inspection of parts is based of physical phenomenon originating from irreversible Bloch Wall motion well known as Barkhausen noise. Some experiments were conducted...
Influence of Adhesives Storing Temperature on Adhesive Bond Strength
Miroslav Müller
Manufacturing Technology 2014, 14(1):71-75 | DOI: 10.21062/ujep/x.2014/a/1213-2489/MT/14/1/71
Adhesive bonds are very often applied in various climatic conditions and environments. Each environment is of specific properties which basically influence entire strength and reliability of an adhesive bond. The influence of the surroundings temperature on the strength and service life of the adhesive bond is one of the most important factors which has to be taken into regard by a designer when designing the bond. However, during a transit or a storing the adhesives can meet much higher or lower temperatures than it is recommended by a producer. The aim of the experimental part is a determination of the influence of the storing temperature in the...
Influence of Alsi7Mg0.3 Alloy Modification by Sb on the Tool Wear
Nataša Náprstková, Jaromír Cais, Dana Stančeková
Manufacturing Technology 2014, 14(1):75-79 | DOI: 10.21062/ujep/x.2014/a/1213-2489/MT/14/1/75
Modifying of alloys is an important part of the metallurgical process and involves the course also of alloys of aluminum, specifically the Al-Si (silumin) in our case. One of the elements that it is possible used to modify for type of alloy Al-Si is antimony (Sb). This paper investigates potential impact of the modification of this element for AlSi7Mg0.3 alloy on tool wear in cutting process. Within experiments were made three casts of master alloy AlSi7Mg0.3 without additional modification and three casts from this ligatures that were more subsequently modified by 0.05 wt% Sb on the cast. These castings were then machined to the same cutting conditions...
Computer Design of Robot ABB IRB 140 Transport System from Manufacturing Point of View
Jozef Novak-Marcincin, Miroslav Janak, Dominik Takac
Manufacturing Technology 2014, 14(1):79-84 | DOI: 10.21062/ujep/x.2014/a/1213-2489/MT/14/1/79
This paper presents the theoretical and practical aspects of industrial robots transport systems problems focused on application possibilities connected with concrete type of robotic device. Introduction of the article presents today possibility of robot transport systems and collect information about basic technical parameters of transport systems, their design and construction. Main part describe industrial robot ABB IRB 140, collect information about technical parameters, its construction, axes, motions and applications used in industrial practice. Practical part of paper is focused on proposal of robot transport system design from manufacturing...
Production of ABS-Aramid Composite Material by Fused Deposition Modeling Rapid Prototyping System
Ludmila Novakova-Marcincinova, Jozef Novak-Marcincin
Manufacturing Technology 2014, 14(1):85-91 | DOI: 10.21062/ujep/x.2014/a/1213-2489/MT/14/1/85
This paper describes a method of ABS-aramid composite material production by Fused Deposition Modeling Rapid Prototyping System. In the beginning there is presented common technology of parts production by Fused Deposition Modeling method of Rapid Prototyping. Then it deals with the theoretical description of proposed concept production of ABS-aramid composite material by Fused Deposition Modeling method. In the main part it describes an experimental testing of proposed concept at the Faculty of Manufacturing Technologies in Presov in the laboratory of Rapid Prototyping. For creation of sample bodies using the FDM method of RP we used the combination...
Identification of Machinability of Ceramic Materials by Turning
Dana Stancekova, Tomas Kurnava, Michal Sajgalik, Natasa Naprstkova, Jozef Struharnansky, Peter Ščotka
Manufacturing Technology 2014, 14(1):91-97 | DOI: 10.21062/ujep/x.2014/a/1213-2489/MT/14/1/91
Paper deals with the machining of super-hard ceramics by turning. The introductory part deals with analysis of used ceramic materials and their use in technical practice. Since it is a very hard technical ceramics and particularly resistant material, at present, is increasingly used to produce components that ensure long life and particularly high resistance, even in aggressive environments where metal materials can no longer be used. Products from ceramics are pressed and sintered directly to the desired shape, but in some cases they have to be machined, which technically can cause a problem. The aim of the experimental part is selection of suitable...
Effect of the Inclination Angle on the Defining Parameters of Chip Removal in Rotational Turning
István Sztankovics, János Kundrák
Manufacturing Technology 2014, 14(1):97-104 | DOI: 10.21062/ujep/x.2014/a/1213-2489/MT/14/1/97
The efficiency of the machining processes, the accuracy of the manufactured parts, and the quality of the machined surface are determined by several factors: the tool geometry, the parameters that affect the kinematic relations, and the cutting parameters. Therefore it is necessary to investigate the effect of each characteristic parameter on the technological parameters in the research of rotational turning. In this paper first we sum up the geometric and kinematic relations that affect the defining parameters of chip removal. We give an overview of the parameters which must be given in rotational turning. We briefly show the method used for the mathematic-analytic...
Practical Application of Quality Tools in the Cast Iron Foundry
Robert Ulewicz
Manufacturing Technology 2014, 14(1):104-111 | DOI: 10.21062/ujep/x.2014/a/1213-2489/MT/14/1/104
New requirements placed to products, and hence to materials from which they are produced resulted in widespread use of instruments of quality assurance. Depending on destination of the product, its manufacturing process is burdened with the need to implement quality assurance systems, recording and analysing data, and also a process of continuous improvement. The article presents the results of practical use of selected quality tools in iron foundry. In order to determine the level of incompatibility of manufactured products the analysis was carried out based on the use of Ishikawa diagram and Pareto-Lorenz method. The results of the above analysis...
New Experimental Dependence of Machining
Karol Vasilko
Manufacturing Technology 2014, 14(1):111-116 | DOI: 10.21062/ujep/x.2014/a/1213-2489/MT/14/1/111
During the application of recent relationships between cutting conditions and results of machining there occur unevenesses, which can lead to incorrect choice of cutting conditions in concrete conditions of machining of engineering parts. Equations used in practice and on the base of wide experimental analysis to optimise their shape are being analysed in the paper. It concerns the evaluation of chip compression, machined surface microgeometry and cutting tools durability.
Finite Element Analysis of Crack Growth in Pipelines
Milan Žmindák, Jozef Meško, Zoran Pelagić, Andrej Zrak
Manufacturing Technology 2014, 14(1):116-122 | DOI: 10.21062/ujep/x.2014/a/1213-2489/MT/14/1/116
The paper presents a short crack theory together with the finite element method (FEM), which is used to model crack initiation during the operational phase of a pipeline. To simulate the crack, the virtual crack extension (VCE) method, implemented in the FE code, is used. This paper describes the modelling and simulation of a welded pipeline with initiated crack in the beginning. A FEM modelling procedure for analysing the stress intensity factors (SIF's) and J-integral for two practical problems is presented. For the first problem the commercial software ANSYS was used to calculate the crack parameters in a straight pipe with a radial crack. The second...