Manufacturing Technology Journal, 2018 (vol. 18), issue 2
Study of the Fillers Influence on Mechanical Properties of Polyamide by Using of AFM
Dana Bakošová
Manufacturing Technology 2018, 18(2):173-178 | DOI: 10.21062/ujep/73.2018/a/1213-2489/MT/18/2/173 
The works deals with a study of fillers influence on chosen mechanical properties of polyamide and the given influence was investigated by using of atomic force microscopy (AFM). Atomic force microscope NT-206 in a complex with control and image processing software is intended for measurement and analysis of surface microrelief and submicrorelief, objects of the micrometer and nanometer range with high resolution. Using AFM it is possible to scan spectroscopic curves that show dependence of composite action force of the probe and surface of the sample on distance between them - they are curves of approach /moving off. In presented measurements by using...
Analysis of Kinematic Features in Non-conventional Piston Device with Wobble Board
Peter Baran, Pavol Šťastniak, Pavol Kukuča, Miloš Brezáni
Manufacturing Technology 2018, 18(2):179-184 | DOI: 10.21062/ujep/74.2018/a/1213-2489/MT/18/2/179
In the case of constructing combustion engines, it is possible to use not only classical crank mechanisms, but also non-conventional mechanisms. Article deals with description of non-conventional piston mechanism with ring, which may be suitable for special applications in the engineering industry. Investigation of kinematic parameters of the machines is important step to know its basic movement behaviour, and from this, it is then possible to create the alternate dynamic model or force analysis. The aim of this analysis is to investigate the movement of several points on a wobble plate. The next section will deal with the analysis of waveforms of...
Study of Heat Affected Zone after Cutting and Welding of Armoured Ultra-high Strength Steels
Igor Barényi
Manufacturing Technology 2018, 18(2):185-189 | DOI: 10.21062/ujep/75.2018/a/1213-2489/MT/18/2/185
The paper deals with heat affection of selected armoured ultra-high strength steels after their cutting by plasma and laser and their welding with using MAG welding method where critical degradation of mechanical properties could occur in heat affected zone after application of these technologies. Armox steels are armoured ultra-high strength martensitic steels with the usage in special technology. The steels are produced in the form of forged semiproducts as sheets and plates. These sheets are cut and most commonly welded in a way to made the final product. Experimental samples made of Armox 500 steel with using of aforesaid thermal based technologies...
Comparison of Analytical Stress Analysis and Numerical Calculation of Mobile Work Machine Part
Mária Blatnická, Miroslav Blatnický, Ján Dižo, Milan Sága
Manufacturing Technology 2018, 18(2):190-193 | DOI: 10.21062/ujep/76.2018/a/1213-2489/MT/18/2/190
The aim of the article is to verify dimensions of the hydraulic arm column (the necessary cross-sectional area) by analytical dimensional calculation and thus to design a lifting rotary arm which will be located on the pick-up car body (Figure 1). After the analysis of dimensions, the next step is creation of the structure in FEM program and then a numerical analysis will be carried out for verification of stress in the structure already with the values that are not available for the preliminary design (e.g. the structure weight). The next step in the solution will be to import the proposed and by strength calculations checked geometry into the multibody...
Dimensional Calculation of Automatic Soldering Station Chain Conveyor's Electric Motor
Miroslav Blatnický, Ján Dižo, Pavol Kurčík, Mária Blatnická
Manufacturing Technology 2018, 18(2):194-200 | DOI: 10.21062/ujep/77.2018/a/1213-2489/MT/18/2/194
The paper deals with a design of required electric motor power for the conveyor line. This machine will serve for automatic soldering of a compressor outlet piping in a real company. The calculation of the motor is necessary to ensure a required handling of pallets with the compressors, i.e. between individual working positions. These positions consist of manual loading components on the line, automatic soldering and manual tightness control. After determining the power of the drive motor, it will be possible to produce a real prototype. The designed electric motor will be integrated into the machine and that will demonstrate the correctness of all...
Qualitative Evaluation of Machined Surface of Aluminum Alloy AlCu4Mg1 Depend on Feed Rate
Frantisek Botko, Michal Hatala, Zuzana Mitalova, Robert Cep, Miroslav Rimar, Andrej Bernat, Jaroslav Vybostek
Manufacturing Technology 2018, 18(2):201-207 | DOI: 10.21062/ujep/78.2018/a/1213-2489/MT/18/2/201
Aim of the article is evaluation of surface quality parameters Rz and Ra after turning of aluminum alloy. Turning is one of the wide spread manufacturing technologies used in industrial production. Experiment was focused on researching of influence of various cutting conditions on machined surface. Main aim of this article is comparison of surface roughness parameters Ra and Rz depending on feed rate and tool nose radius. Investigation and finding of optimal cutting conditions is necessary for economy of manufacturing organization. Despite extensive research carried out in the area of turning, there is always room for new research.
Computation of Modal Properties of Two Types of Freight Wagon Bogie Frames Using the Finite Element Method
Ján Dižo, Jozef Harušinec, Miroslav Blatnický
Manufacturing Technology 2018, 18(2):208-214 | DOI: 10.21062/ujep/79.2018/a/1213-2489/MT/18/2/208
The aim of this article is to calculate and compare the modal properties of the frame of the standard and modified freight wagon bogie design. Analysed frames represent the main support parts of the bogie, which are most often used in the Central Europe region. Determination of the modal properties belongs to the fundamental but very important step in the engineering design. In our case, modal analyses of bogie frames structures were carried out using the Finite Element Method. In order to perform numerical calculations based on FEM approach, Ansys package was used. Modal analyses of individual parts as well as substructures of rail vehicles is an...
Analysis of Weld Joint of DX51D Steel with AlMg3 Alloy Made by CMT Welding Method
David Dobrocky, Petr Dostal, Michal Sustr, Zdenek Pokorny, Zbynek Studeny
Manufacturing Technology 2018, 18(2):215-221 | DOI: 10.21062/ujep/80.2018/a/1213-2489/MT/18/2/215
The combination of steel and aluminum as a constructional material brings many benefits. Steel is characterized by strength and is suitable for components exposed to high stress. Aluminum is light and is suitable for less stressed parts. However, for technical and economic reasons, the arc welding of these materials has not been possible for a long time. The development of the technology that allows welding of steel with aluminum is linked to the requirements of the automotive industry. This is a process known as CMT - Cold Metal Transfer and refers to the low energy transition of the droplet during MIG/MAG welding. In this so-called "welding soldering",...
Microstructural Evaluation of Tool Steel Vanadis 6 after Sub-Zero Treatment at -140 °C without Tempering
Juraj Ďurica, Peter Jurči, Jana Ptačinová
Manufacturing Technology 2018, 18(2):222-226 | DOI: 10.21062/ujep/81.2018/a/1213-2489/MT/18/2/222
The microstructure, phase constitution and hardness of Cr-V ledeburitic tool steel Vanadis 6 subjected to sub-zero treatment at -140 °C and for different soaking times have been investigated. The microstructures have been characterized using the light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. The metallurgical aspects include the reduction of the retained austenite amount and increase in carbide count, as compared to conventionally heat treated material. The matrix is martensitic with certain amount of retained austenite, irrespectively to the time of sub-zero treatment. The amount of retained austenite has been significantly...
Thermal Treatment of 3D-printed Titanium Alloy
Michaela Fousova, Dalibor Vojtech
Manufacturing Technology 2018, 18(2):227-232 | DOI: 10.21062/ujep/82.2018/a/1213-2489/MT/18/2/227
In metals processing, 3D printing is a relatively new technology. It brings many advantages into production thanks to its additive principle on which it is based. One of the intended applications of 3D printing is especially regenerative medicine and aerospace industry that require products of very complex shapes. In these domains, titanium along with its alloys belongs among the most frequently used materials. When printing a Ti6Al4V alloy, very high cooling rates during the successive laser melting of an initial powder material result in high internal stresses. These stresses are followed with several problems, such as low material plasticity, possible...
New Principle Schemes of Freight Cars Bogies
Mykola Gorbunov, Juraj Gerlici, Sergey Kara, Olena Nozhenko, Ganna Chernyak, Kateryna Kravchenko, Tomas Lack
Manufacturing Technology 2018, 18(2):233-238 | DOI: 10.21062/ujep/83.2018/a/1213-2489/MT/18/2/233
In the article the issue of perspective running parts for freight cars of new generation is considered and additions to the outdated existing classification of bogie are developed, namely introduction of such types of suspension is suggested.The results of theoretical studies are presented by means of modeling the movement of the car in the software "Universal Mechanism" to determine the influence of the first stage of spring suspension in Barber type bogie (type 18-100 and analogues) on energy efficiency (resistance to movement) and the estimated value of the decrease in resistance to movement.A concept for a fundamentally new design of a freight...
Effect of The Heat Treatment on The Bioactivity of Nanostructured Surfaces
Vojtěch Hybášek, Jaroslav Fojt, Zdeněk Kačenka, Petra Jarolímová, Eva Průchová
Manufacturing Technology 2018, 18(2):239-242 | DOI: 10.21062/ujep/84.2018/a/1213-2489/MT/18/2/239
Titanium and its alloys are widely used materials in implantology due to their high corrosion resistance and biocompatibility. The bioactivity and the osseointegration of these surfaces could be enhanced by several processes. One of them is the formation of nanostructure by the combination of electrochemical and chemical reactions. The nanotubular oxidic structure has positive influence on the precipitation of hydroxyapatite from the body environment and on the cell proliferation. Directly created layer has amorphous character, but it is possible to transform it to crystalline form by heat treatment. This could have another positive influence on bioactivity....
Use of the Press Hardening Technology for Treatment of TRIP Steel
Hana Jirková, Kateřina Opatová, Josef Káňa, Martin Bystrianský
Manufacturing Technology 2018, 18(2):243-247 | DOI: 10.21062/ujep/85.2018/a/1213-2489/MT/18/2/243
Multiphase TRIP steels are able to absorb impact-deformation energy and therefore they are used as safety components in vehicle construction. One of the ways how to produce these precision sheet metal parts is the press hardening technology. Besides specific alloying which in most cases is done with manganese and silicon, the properties of TRIP steels are also determined by the appropriate heat treatment parameters. The key processing parameter is the holding time at the temperature of the bainitic transformation, at which not only the formation of bainite but also the stabilization of retained austenite take place. This holding time is technologically...
Numerical Simulation and Experimental Testing of Two-axle Chassis of Low-floor Trams
Tomáš Kalina, Petr Heller, Zdeněk Chval, František Sedláček, Michal Křížek, Lukáš Bartoň
Manufacturing Technology 2018, 18(2):248-254 | DOI: 10.21062/ujep/86.2018/a/1213-2489/MT/18/2/248
This paper deals with numerical simulations and with experimental testing of chassis of low-floor trams. This chassis was designed with respect to low-floor construction, low weight, good driveability of a tram and with respect to fulfillment of standards and regulations. The chassis is in a numerical simulation burdened by load conditions according to EN 13749:2011 even during an experimental testing. The simulation is performed using the FEM Nastran solver implemented in the CAD system Siemens NX 11. Based on FEA the locations for strain gauges during testing were found. A total number of 40 strain gauges were used to measure the strain which was...
High-temperature Oxidation of Intermetallics Based on Ti-Al-Si System
Anna Knaislová, Vendula Šimůnková, Pavel Novák
Manufacturing Technology 2018, 18(2):255-258 | DOI: 10.21062/ujep/87.2018/a/1213-2489/MT/18/2/255
Ti-Al-Si alloys excel with their low density and good resistance against high-temperature oxidation in comparison with so far commonly used nickel alloys. Silicon in Ti-Al-Si alloys has significant positive effect on high-temperature oxidation due to increasing adhesion of oxide layer. The TiAl20Si20 alloy was evaluated as the best alloy from tested ones, because its oxide layer protected very well the basic material and TiAl20Si20 achieved good hardness after 400 hours of annealing.
Corrosion and Wear Resistance of Plasma Nitrided and Duplex Treated 42CrMo4 Steel
David Kusmic, Doan Thanh Van, Vojtech Hruby
Manufacturing Technology 2018, 18(2):259-265 | DOI: 10.21062/ujep/88.2018/a/1213-2489/MT/18/2/259
Plasma nitriding is generally used as a final operation to improve wear, corrosion resistance and fatigue limit of machine parts. The corrosion and wear resistance of nitrided steels can be further increased by converse coating. This paper reports the results of corrosion and wear tests of plasma nitrided and duplex treated (plasma nitriding and manganese phosphate coating) 42CrMo4 steel. Plasma nitriding was carried out at 500 °C in different nitriding atmosphere ratio of 3H2:1N2 and 1H2:3N2 [l/h] for 15 hours. Plasma nitrided samples were subsequently manganese phosphated (without lubrication). The experimental samples were exposed to neutral sodium...
Analysis of a Railway Vehicle with Unevenness on Wheel
Mária Loulová, Andrej Suchánek, Jozef Harušinec, Peter Strážovec
Manufacturing Technology 2018, 18(2):266-272 | DOI: 10.21062/ujep/89.2018/a/1213-2489/MT/18/2/266
One of the basic principles of railway vehicles is their carrying and guiding. In the contact pair of a wheel and a rail, one body is rolled on the surface of the other part and all main forces are transmitted in this contact. Contact between wheel and rail is also important from an economic aspect as it is related to the wear of the track rails and the wheel thread itself, including the wheel flange, and has caused the necessary maintenance of the track and the vehicles themselves. Therefore, our article focuses on simulating the influence of a flat wheel on changes in wheel forces. The model was created in the CATIA program and was consequently imported...
Wear and Tool Life Investigation of Carbide Inserts while Hard Machining of Armox 500 Steel
Jozef Majerík, Igor Barényi
Manufacturing Technology 2018, 18(2):273-278 | DOI: 10.21062/ujep/90.2018/a/1213-2489/MT/18/2/273
Presented article deals about the experimental investigation of PVD coated cutting inserts of type SNHF 120408EN-SR-M1while hard face milling of steel Armox 500. This study was supported by the Slovak Research and Development Agency under the contract No. APVV-15-0710". All realized measurements and tests have been performed at Department of Engineering in Trencin. It also includes support and cooperation with the University of Defence in Brno, Department of mechanical engineering. The main aim of this experimental work is to focus measurement on the influence of the various values of feed rates per tooth during the hard machining experiments of steel...
Properties of Electron Beam Hardened Layers made by Different Beam Deflection
Jiří Matlák, Ivo Dlouhý
Manufacturing Technology 2018, 18(2):279-284 | DOI: 10.21062/ujep/91.2018/a/1213-2489/MT/18/2/279
The usage of the high-energy electron beam source enables repeated surface quenching of chosen areas of an engineering part surface. Different techniques of electron beam deflection allow creating of hardened layers of different shapes and thicknesses. Experiments were carried out with 42CrMo4 (1.7225) steel. The deflection modes tested were one-point, 6-point, 11-point, line, field and meander. The influence of process speed and defocusing of the electron beam was also taken into account. The electron beam surface quenching resulted in a very fine martensitic microstructure with a hardness of over 700 HV0.5. The thickness of the hardened layers depends...
Dependence of Surface Roughness on Depth of Cut for Aluminum Alloy AlCu4Mg1
Dusan Mital, Michal Hatala, Andrej Bernat, Andrej Czan, Jaroslav Vybostek, Nicolae Ungreanu
Manufacturing Technology 2018, 18(2):285-288 | DOI: 10.21062/ujep/92.2018/a/1213-2489/MT/18/2/285
Presented article is focused on evaluating surface quality parameters Rz and Ra after turning made by various cutting conditions. Monitored parameters in experimental part were feed rate, cutting speed and depth of cut. Researching optimal cutting conditions, which sets often affect and increase productivity, quality and precision of manufactured products. Aim of the article is to increase quality of current state, what require long time testing and experiences. Article also presents individual comparing of two selected cutting plates in various cutting conditions, when in conclusion are clearly define results of experiment and requirement for practical...
Ultrasonic Testing of Diffusion Bonded Joints of AlMg3
Pavel Nachtnebl, Ladislav Kolařík, Lucie Forejtová, Uwe Reisgen, Wilfried Behr
Manufacturing Technology 2018, 18(2):289-294 | DOI: 10.21062/ujep/93.2018/a/1213-2489/MT/18/2/289
The Diffusion welding was used to join aluminium alloy AlMg3 in order to make ultrasonic testing of diffusion bonded joints and analyse diffusion process. This ultrasonic testing should be used to compare with other non-destructive testing methods which the Institute of Manufacturing Technology of CTU in Prague develop. The paper discusses the ultrasonic testing for the diffusion bonded joints of AlMg3 and magnesium oxide which was created and which had an influence on quality of the diffusion bonded joints. The Alloy AlMg3 was selected because of easy correlation with welding parameters, ultrasonic testing, metallographic examination and preparation...
The Effect of Production Process on Properties of FeAl20Si20
Kateřina Nová, Pavel Novák, Tomáš Vanka, Filip Průša
Manufacturing Technology 2018, 18(2):295-298 | DOI: 10.21062/ujep/94.2018/a/1213-2489/MT/18/2/295
This work deals with comparison of two production methods on microstructure, phase composition and mechanical properties of intermetallic based on Fe-Al-Si which are appropriate materials for high-temperature applications. A conventional metallurgical process - casting - was compared with a novel processing method, based on ultra-high energy mechanical alloying (MA) and spark plasma sintering (SPS) in order to prepare FeAl20Si20 (in wt. %) alloy. The influence of production route was observed. Via MA + SPS can produce a material of the same phase composition but with significantly better mechanical properties. Negligible porosity, fine-grained and...
High-temperature Behaviour of New Fe-Al-Si Alloy Produced by Powder Metallurgy
Pavel Novák, Kateřina Nová, Tomáš Vanka, Filip Průša
Manufacturing Technology 2018, 18(2):299-302 | DOI: 10.21062/ujep/95.2018/a/1213-2489/MT/18/2/299
This work describes properties of newly developed Fe-Al-Si alloy for high-temperature applications. This alloy is a material composed of FeAl, FeSi a Fe3Al2Si3 intermetallic compounds, which was prepared by powder metallurgy using mechanical alloying and spark plasma sintering. The oxidation resistance at the temperatures of 800 and 1000 °C was described, as well as the mechanical properties up to 700 °C. During oxidation, the alloy covers by aluminium oxide layer, which protects it against further oxidation. Concerning the mechanical properties, the yield strength and ultimate compressive strength increase in the temperature interval of 400 - 500 °C.
Double Treaded Wheelset Riding Regime Change in Strongly Curved Track from the Derailment-safety Point of View
Olena Nozhenko, Kateryna Kravchenko, Mária Loulová, Vladimír Hauser
Manufacturing Technology 2018, 18(2):303-308 | DOI: 10.21062/ujep/96.2018/a/1213-2489/MT/18/2/303
Tramways in cities often ride in track curves of a small radius, which is followed by an increased effect of the vehicle on the track by the rail - wheel contact. Exactly with the aim to reduce these undesirable effects we designed a tram bogie with steered wheelsets. Moreower, for the vehicle passability trough strongly curved track inproovement, we proposed spcific, double treaded wheelset and coresponding track section. This invention is also registered under Patent Aplications Nr. a201701589 and Nr. a 201706685. A comparison of safety against derailment results for a tram vehicle running through a S-curve with considering of tread change is given...
Kinematic Analysis and Optimization of a Wheel Loader Mechanism
Stefan Segla
Manufacturing Technology 2018, 18(2):309-314 | DOI: 10.21062/ujep/97.2018/a/1213-2489/MT/18/2/309
The paper deals with kinematic analysis and dimensional optimization of a wheel loader mechanism. The kinematic analysis is based on the kinematic constraints of all joints in the mechanism. The objective function expresses the average angular displacement of the loader bucket and the optimization process leads to its minimum value. The wheel loader mechanism contains two hydraulic drives. The first drive is ensuring rotation of the boom (lifting the bucket) and the other rotation of the bucket. Optimization of the geometric dimensions of the wheel loader mechanism links gives their optimum values which ensure lifting the bucket with its negligible...
Strength Investigation of Main Frame in New "Track friendly" Railway Bogie
Pavol Šťastniak, Marián Moravčík, Lukáš Smetanka, Peter Baran
Manufacturing Technology 2018, 18(2):315-320 | DOI: 10.21062/ujep/98.2018/a/1213-2489/MT/18/2/315
The paper deals with the strength conditions assessment of new design of modern railway bogie through FEM analysis. The bogie, which was developed as part of European structural funds project, is characterized mainly by better dynamic properties while driving on the track, higher safety against derailment and lower negative effect on the track (reduction of wear). For analysis of bogie frame, there has been created a substitute simulation model. Results from calculations and prototype tests prove, that investigated design of new construction satisfies strength conditions.
Machinability as a Phenomenon and the Operational Methods of Its Determination
Karol Vasilko, Zuzana Murčinková
Manufacturing Technology 2018, 18(2):321-324 | DOI: 10.21062/ujep/99.2018/a/1213-2489/MT/18/2/321
Reliable method to detect relative machinability is based on constructing Taylor relation of tool durability on cutting speed for both observed materials. Optimal cutting speed for the observed material at constant durability can be detected from the relation. However, longterm test requires longer time of machining and consumption of material. Therefore a number of authors have observed the possibility of shortening the tests. There is a widespread opinion that shortened methods posses low reliability. On the other hand, those methods cannot be replaced in the conditions of actual operation. Some of them are analysed and modified as follows.
Numerical Analysis of Stress States with the Spheroidal, Lamellar and Vermicular Type of Graphite
Ján Vavro jr., Ján Vavro, Ivan Labaj, Marcel Kohutiar
Manufacturing Technology 2018, 18(2):325-329 | DOI: 10.21062/ujep/100.2018/a/1213-2489/MT/18/2/325
The paper is concerned with the analysis of tensile stress conditions and microstructure of cast iron with spheroidal, lamellar and vermicular type of graphite. To prepare a geometrical model, quantitative metallography has been used as it enables us to evaluate the structure of the material on the basis of image analysis. The computing structure model has been created in 2-D area by linear triangular elements. On the basis of real structure of the cast iron with spheroidal, lamellar and vermicular type of graphite, a model was created from numerical analysis of tension deformation conditions by finite element method in ADINA software environment....
Influence Study of Oil Film Thrust Bearing on Thermal Characteristics of High-speed Precision Roll Grinding Head
Huaichao Wu, Kunpeng Wang, Guanchao Sun, Limei Zhao
Manufacturing Technology 2018, 18(2):330-336 | DOI: 10.21062/ujep/101.2018/a/1213-2489/MT/18/2/330
Aiming at a kind of grinding head of high-speed precision roll grinder, its structure characteristics and heat source characteristics are analysed, and the characteristics of heat source is calculated. On these bases, the weakness of grinding thermal characteristics is found through the numerical analysis of thermal performance of roll grinding head, facing the thermal error of sensitive area, optimization method which unites multi objective and single objective are adopted to optimize the thrust oil film bearing of the roll grinding head, after that numerical analysis of thermal performance of roll grinding head is analysed. Analysis results show...
Research on Evolution Balancing for Product Family Assembly Line in Big Data Environment
Yongming Wu, Yanxia Xu, Lifei Luo, Han Zhang, Xudong Zhao
Manufacturing Technology 2018, 18(2):337-342 | DOI: 10.21062/ujep/102.2018/a/1213-2489/MT/18/2/337
Aiming at the problem of product family assembly line (PFAL) evolution balancing, an evolution balancing model for PFAL is established and an improved algorithm based on NSGA_II is also proposed. Firstly, the product family evolution and assembly line characteristics are researched and analyzed in big data environment. Tasks on PFAL are divided into platform and personality tasks, and the stability of assembly tasks is mainly considered especially. In the optimization process, a chromosome encoding based on TOP sorting algorithm is adopted, and a new density selection and decoding algorithm is proposed to make up for the deficiencies in traditional...