Manufacturing Technology Journal - Latest articles
Results 151 to 180 of 279:
Investigating the Pressure Distribution on Uneven Surfaces Using an Educational Robot for Development of Ergonomic School Furniture
Daniel Novák, Viktor Novák, Patrik Voštinár, Jaromír Volf
Manufacturing Technology 2024, 24(1):98-103 | DOI: 10.21062/mft.2024.016 
The article presents the method of investigating the pressure distribution on uneven surfaces, used for the development of a new, modern series of school furniture that meets the relevant health, pedagogical and legal requirements. During the examination of pressure conditions on school chairs with a flexible tactile sensor, which was primarilly developed for this purpose, exact data on the immediate differences in contact pressures between the person sitting and the seat are obtained. Based on this information, it is then possible to optimally shape the seats during their design and subsequent production according to the age of the sitters and the...
Analysis of the Basic Characteristics of the Working Accuracy of the Atomic Diffusion Additive Manufacturing ADAM Process by Comparison with the Selective Laser Melting SLM Process
Andrej Czan, Tatiana Czanova, Jozef Holubjak, Martin Novak, Natalia Czanova, Andrej Czan, Dominik Krisak
Manufacturing Technology 2024, 24(1):15-27 | DOI: 10.21062/mft.2024.015
Atomic Diffusion Additive Manufacturing (ADAM) is a progressive layering process based on metallic materials with a plastic binder designed to extruse the material. The ADAM process can be classified as an indirect additive manufacturing process in which a solid fiber of metal powder enclosed in a plastic binder is applied. After creating a 3D object by the ADAM process, the excess plastic binder is removed in the cleaning chamber and vacuum sintering of the 3D object is performed. This work aims to provide a preliminary characterization of the ADAM process and compare the achieved results with the application most implemented so far in additive manufacturing...
The Influence of the Choice of Machining Strategy on Production Technology
Martin Reznicek, Cyril Horava
Manufacturing Technology 2024, 24(1):117-130 | DOI: 10.21062/mft.2024.014
This paper deals with the issue of selecting different machining parameters in the CAM system Siemens NX 1946. The issue of choosing between a solid end mill, milling cutter, and a high-feed tool when machining simple rectangular and rugged cavities concerning time and residual material is solved here. The chosen material was 1.1730, which is a basic material for the production of moulds without heat treatment. The paper deals with the issue of choosing the size of tool feed into the cut and its influence on the formation of the machining path depending on the depth of the cavity. The size of the residual material depends on the machining strategy...
Production of Non-Compact, Lightweight Zinc-Tin Alloy Materials for Possible Storage of Liquid Hydrogen
Iva Nová, Milan Jelínek, Pavel Solfronk, David Koreček, Jiří Sobotka
Manufacturing Technology 2024, 24(1):87-97 | DOI: 10.21062/mft.2024.013
Unfortunately, in connection with the application of the Actavia anti-plagiarism system, we cannot accurately describe our paper, which deals with the production of non-compact materials based on zinc and tin alloys, which have a higher density than aluminium (ρ = 2700 kg.m-3 ) and its alloys, such as zinc alloys (ρ = 6980 kg.m-3 ) or tin (ρ = 7580 kg.m-3 ). Test samples were prepared from these materials, which were characterized by material non-compactness based on the use of NaCl particles. For this purpose, two different size groups of NaCl particles (3 to 5 mm and 5 to 7 mm) were used. In the production...
Optimization of Tooth Profile Modification and Backlash Analysis of Multi-tooth Mesh Cycloid Transmission
Liyong Zhang, Wentao Xu, Yanfeng Zhi, Nai Hou, Hongwei Li, Chanlu Wang, Tongjie Li, Yu Zhang, Hanlin Zhang, Jijie Chen
Manufacturing Technology 2024, 24(1):154-163 | DOI: 10.21062/mft.2024.012
Cycloid gear drive is widely used in robot cycloid planetary reducer, and the transmission accuracy is the key property of the reducer. The standard cycloid transmission is a multi-tooth mesh. The modification method has attracted extensive attention as one of the important parameters of the cycloid drive. The influence of the isometric and shifting modification of the cycloid gear on the cycloid transmission backlash was analysed according to the characteristics of the multi-tooth mesh and the profile equation of the modified cycloid gear in this study. Combined with the backlash analysis, a multi-objective optimization mathematical model of cycloid...
The Effect of the Solution Annealing Temperature in the Hardening Process on the Properties of Al-Si-Cu Alloys
Tomáš Vlach, Jaromír Cais, Filip Mamoń, Jakub Mareš
Manufacturing Technology 2024, 24(1):141-147 | DOI: 10.21062/mft.2024.011
This article deals with the influence of the applied solution annealing temperatures in the precipita-tion hardening process on the resulting increase in the mechanical properties of Al-Si-Cu alloy cast-ings with different copper contents in the alloy. AlSi7Cu2 and AlSi7Cu4 alloys were cast by gravity casting in a metal molds. Each of the samples was subjected to the Vickers microhardness measure-ment of a solid solution of α(Al) and Brinnel hardness measurement. Microscopic analysis and evalu-ation of the internal structure of each alloy was carried out in relation to used solution-annealing temperature.
Effect of Change in Current Density on Hydrogen Embrittlement of Advanced High-Strength Steel S960MC during Hydrogenation
Petra Drímalová, František Nový, Milan Uhričík, Petra Váňová, Lukáš Šikyňa, Veronika Chvalníková, Martin Slezák
Manufacturing Technology 2024, 24(1):40-46 | DOI: 10.21062/mft.2024.010
Hydrogen embrittlement involves the interaction between hydrogen and the microstructure of metals, which can lead to an alarming loss of mechanical properties. For advanced high-strength (AHS) steel S960MC grade, which finds application in fields ranging from heavy machinery to construction, understanding this phenomenon is important. The material's complex crystalline lattice, carefully engineered to maximize strength, becomes vulnerable in the presence of hydrogen. The sources of hydrogen that can lead to embrittlement of steel are various. From the exposure of steel to hydrogen during production processes to the absorption of hydrogen from the environment....
Dilatometric Effects Accompanying Phase Transformations during Tempering of Spring Steels
Jakub Kotous, Zbyšek Nový, Petr Motyčka, Pavel Salvetr
Manufacturing Technology 2024, 24(1):62-72 | DOI: 10.21062/mft.2024.009
The tempering procedure of quenched 54SiCr6 spring steel was analyzed using continuous heating dilatometry, isothermal dilatometry, metallography, and hardness measurement. The dilatometry was performed on four different steel modifications with graduated Si content and with two levels of Cu. Metallography and hardness measurement were analyzed only on samples with one Si level. Two types of tempering procedures were compared in this experimental program. The first one was sim-ple one-step tempering, the other was a special procedure of strain assisted tempering (SAT), which includes double tempering and strain applications between tempering. A dilatometry...
The Microscopic Study of the Evolution of the Phase Transformation in the Tin after the Indentation of an Inoculator
Alena Michalcová, Šárka Msallamová, Dominika Fink, Jiří Kubásek, Martin Friák
Manufacturing Technology 2024, 24(1):83-86 | DOI: 10.21062/mft.2024.007
This paper describes β-Sn to α-Sn transformation in its initial phase. This process is also known as a tin pest and currently it causes problems mainly in the field of soldering materials. To avoid misrepresenta-tion of the results of artificial ageing of the samples; we have decided to use historical materials for our study. A sample from historical organ pipes was indented by naturally formed α-Sn polycrystalline parti-cles by the load of 1 kg. The sample in the initial state was observed by SEM and analysed by EBSD mapping. The position of inoculator particles was documented again by SEM observation. Subseqently, the sample was freezed...
Measurement of the Dynamic Load of the Cervical Vertebrae of the Human Spine – Pilot Experiment
Igor Žuravský, Martin Novák, Petr Vachata, Martin Sameš, Milan Chalupa, Adam Švásta, Martin Svoboda, Patrik Balcar
Manufacturing Technology 2024, 24(1):164-171 | DOI: 10.21062/mft.2024.006
The article deals with the experimental measurement of the load on the cervical vertebrae when driving a passenger car over bumps. The measurement was done experimentally. The load on the human spine was measured in the area of the C7 cervical vertebra and also in the area of the top of the head. Vehicle crossings over speed bumps. The measurement was carried out at different crossing speeds and at different heights of speed bumps. Three-axis acceleration sensors were placed on selected parts of the vehicle and on the human body. The proposed measurement methodology was verified by the conducted pilot experiment for the possibility of conducting further...
Motion Planning and Simulation of Multifunctional Over-the-tube Pipe Climbing Robot
Li Dong, Tongchao Xing, Yi Zheng
Manufacturing Technology 2024, 24(1):28-39 | DOI: 10.21062/mft.2024.005
Due to the complexity of the current industrial pipeline layout, in order to improve the efficiency of pipeline inspection and maintenance, a multi-functional obstacle-surmounting pipe-crawling robot was designed to address the issues of varying pipe diameters and positions. The movement pattern of the crawling robot was studied, the variation of the clamping force of the clamping mechanism during the climbing process was analyzed, and the mapping relationship between various parameters was obtained as the basis for later kinematic simulation. The design of inverted V, positive V and other drive combinations and the planning of multi-functional obstacle-surmounting...
Parameter Optimization Study of Ultra-High Speed Cutting by DOE Method
Dongya Li, Yichen Jiang, Shuang Wang, Yifan Wu
Manufacturing Technology 2024, 24(1):73-82 | DOI: 10.21062/mft.2024.004
With the increasing demand for high-quality flange, there is a greater need for high-quality and high-speed machining technology. Aiming at the difficulty of surface roughness in meeting design requirements and poor machining stability of 7075 aluminum alloy, the classical Design of Experiments (DOE) method is employed to optimize the machining parameters and identify eight pertinent factors. By selecting the feed rate and cutting speed as the two significant factors, a mathematical model of roughness is derived, and the theoretically optimal machining parameters are determined. According to corresponding experimental results, the roughness, the parallelism...
Observation of the Amount of Wear and the Microstructure of Hardfacing Layers after the Test of Resistance to Abrasive Wear
Miroslava Ťavodová, Miroslav Džupon, Monika Vargová, Dana Stančeková, Jozef Krilek
Manufacturing Technology 2024, 24(1):131-140 | DOI: 10.21062/mft.2024.003
The article deals with the evaluation of the amount of wear of the base material and selected hardfac-ing materials intended for tools for wood processing in forestry after a test of resistance to abrasive wear in laboratory conditions. The values of average weight loss Wh[g] and relative resistance to abrasive wear Ψh[-] were determined by calculation. The topography of the surface after the track of the rubber disc and the abrasive of the testing device was evaluated with a confocal microscope. The depth of the disc track Pt[μm;mm] was also evaluated with a confocal microscope. The state of the samples surface after the test, as well as...
Influence of Technological Parameters on the Cutting Temperature during Trochoidal Milling
Kamil Piotr Waszczuk
Manufacturing Technology 2024, 24(1):148-153 | DOI: 10.21062/mft.2024.001
The aim of the article was to present the results of cutting temperature measurements during trochoidal milling. The investigated material was 145Cr6 (50 HRC). Three trochoidal paths were used: A– described by movement circle, B– described by arcs and straight lines, C– described by short lines between a lot of points. The main conclusions include: similar values of cutting tem-peratures when using paths A and C (differences between the values of about 5%), the use of a trochoidal path type B enables a significant reduction of the cutting temperature. During tro-choidal milling, the maximum temperature values were about 420ºC.
Research on the Application of Mirror Moulds for Masks
Weiwen Ye
Manufacturing Technology 2023, 23(6):1020-1030 | DOI: 10.21062/mft.2023.111
Precision mirror mould CNC machining is a technology of great importance in industrial manufacturing. Precision mirror moulds are usually used to produce high-precision, high-quality parts and products, which are widely used in automotive manufacturing, aerospace, electronic equipment and other industries. However, the traditional mould polishing process often fails to meet the manufacturing needs of precision moulds, so the application of CNC machining technology has become an effective way to solve this problem. Through the use of CNC machine tools and computer control systems, etc., the detailed formulation of the process plan, so that precision...
Finite Element Optimization Analysis of the Frame Structure of the New Steel Mold Trolley
Shuai Yang, Xiangping Liao, Guoshen Zhi, Guiyang Liu, Jiao Zou
Manufacturing Technology 2023, 23(6):1013-1019 | DOI: 10.21062/mft.2023.112
In order to test whether the design of the new steel mold trolley meets the requirements of the working conditions,the ANSYS finite element simulation and optimization analysis of the frame system of the new steel mold trolley were conducted.After the analysis, the results show that the new steel mold trolley designed basically meets the requirements of strength and stiffness, but there are some problems of insufficient strength；Through the topology optimization of the gantry frame of the new steel mold trolley frame system, the "door shape" section gantry structure with better force structure was obtained.The influence of the specific structural...
Research on Elastic Characteristics of Negative Pressure Rubber Isolator
Jianwei Wang, Jinlong Feng
Manufacturing Technology 2023, 23(6):1006-1012 | DOI: 10.21062/mft.2023.115
Aiming at obtaining ultra-low kinematic stiffness and improving the isolation property of low frequency vibration, it is necessary to solve the coupling parameters and rated load of air negative pressure characteristics and rubber characteristics, in order to achieve an ideal elastic characteristic curve of air negative pressure spring. Firstly, the background and working principle of the negative pressure rubber isolation were introduced. In addition, the FEA model of isolator is built based on Mooney-Rivlin constitutive model of rubber. Furthermore, to testify the validity of the mathematical model, the static characteristic and simulation analysis...
Optimization and Experiment of Linear Motor Platform Servo Control Algorithm
Shu Wang, Xiaoyan Wu
Manufacturing Technology 2023, 23(6):999-1005 | DOI: 10.21062/mft.2023.114
In view of the linear motor servo control system has the advantages of high speed, high response characteristics, in order to adapt to the motion precision, response speed and stability requirements of high precision movement occasions, combined with fuzzy control theory, the design of linear motor platform servo control system fuzzy adaptive PID control algorithm. At the same time, based on LabVIEW software, combined with USB-6009 data acquisition card produced by NI company, the experimental platform for linear motor motion control is designed. Through simulation experiments, the position tracking accuracy, disturbance resistance and response speed...
Development of Particulate Matter Monitors based on Light Scattering Method
Junjie Liu, Laihua Yu, Jing Ye, Zhihuang Huang, Jiazhen Lu, Yue Liu
Manufacturing Technology 2023, 23(6):989-998 | DOI: 10.21062/mft.2023.110
PM2.5 and PM10 measurement technique based on light scattering usually exhibit inaccurate measurement results in their applications. For improving the reliability of this method for PM2.5 and PM10 measurement, systematic research on the structure optimization of single particle light scattering sensors (SPLSS), calibration of SPLSS, and PM2.5/PM10 monitor development are carried out. Frist, by simulating and optimizing light scattering parameters, light scattering signals varied monotonically with particle size could be obtained, and thereby capability of accurate size-identifying can be established. Then, by developing threshold comparison circuit...
Design of a Biped Climbing Robot: Simulation, Comparison and Implementation
Tao Huang, Rundong Cao, Xinliang Wu
Manufacturing Technology 2023, 23(6):976-988 | DOI: 10.21062/mft.2023.109
In this paper, the design of a robot is proposed to replace manual labor in completing tasks on vertical planes. The aim is to enhance automation in the workplace and eliminate direct human involvement to ensure personal safety. Firstly, the robot's structure is designed as a five-joint biped with vacuum adsorption capabilities. The forward and inverse kinematics of the robot are analyzed. Secondly, using simulation by ADAMS, five key performance metrics are quantitatively analyzed for both this robot and a Hexapod robot. These metrics include adsorption reliability, external load-bearing capacity, friction coefficient adaptability, obstacle-crossing...
Design and Algorithm Research of a Weight Sorting Transport Robot
Haojie Du, Guang Yang, Lele Pei
Manufacturing Technology 2023, 23(6):967-975 | DOI: 10.21062/mft.2023.113
In warehousing logistics, the sorting and transportation efficiency of goods is still one of the important factors limiting the rapid development of logistics. At present, most regions still use manual sorting with low efficiency and high cost. Especially in some special work areas, such as high temperatures, severe electronic radiation, and areas with heavy long-term work tasks, urgent need for small robots to replace manual labor. In order to solve the inconvenience that small places such as logistics only use manual sorting, It is necessary to design a small-sized weight sorting and transportation robot, which can wait for receiving goods at a designated...
Comparative Evaluation of Working Accuracy in the Atomic Diffusion Additive Manufacturing (ADAM) Process and the Binder Jetting (BJ) Process by Analysing Key Characteristics
Andrej Czan, Tatiana Czanova, Jozef Holubjak, Martin Novak, Natalia Czanova, Andrej Czan, Dominik Krisak
Manufacturing Technology 2023, 23(6):769-780 | DOI: 10.21062/mft.2023.108
This research focuses on comparing the working accuracy of two additive manufacturing processes, Atomic Diffusion Additive Manufacturing (ADAM) and Binder Jetting (BJ). Through the analysis of key characteristics of these processes, we aim to evaluate which one yields better results in terms of working accuracy. ADAM is a process that involves the gradual deposition of metallic materials using a plastic binder, whereas BJ is a process where the binder is applied to powder material, followed by the removal of excess binder. This work conducts a detailed examination of the properties of the ADAM and BJ processes, with a focus on surface texture and microstructure...
Effect of the Cutting Tool on the Quality of a Machined Composite Part
Magdalena Zawada-Michałowska, Paweł Pieśko, Stanisław Legutko
Manufacturing Technology 2023, 23(6):870-879 | DOI: 10.21062/mft.2023.107
The growing use of composite materials in various industries implies the necessity of conducting research on both their manufacture and subsequent machining. One of the main problems in composite machining is the selection of a suitable cutting tool. This study investigates the effect of the geometry and material of a milling cutter on the quality of a milled composite part. A carbon fiber-reinforced epoxy resin matrix composite was tested. Two cutting tools were used: an end mill with PCD inserts with a diameter of 12 mm and the number of teeth of 3 as well as a PCD-coated carbide end mill with a diameter of 12 mm and the number of teeth of 4. Variable...
Methodology of Analysis of Fibre Sedimentation in HPC mixtures
Dita Jiroutová, Tomáš Bittner, Karel Hurtig, Tomáš Jirout
Manufacturing Technology 2023, 23(6):819-826 | DOI: 10.21062/mft.2023.106
The aim of this work is to propose a methodology for evaluating inhomogeneity due to the sedimenta-tion of fibres in High-Performnce Concrete (HPC) mixtures. HPC mixtures makes better mechanical-physical properties than ordinary concrete. To achieve higher strengths, the fine-grained matrix is rein-forced with the reinforcement – fibres. The type of used fibres and their homogenization in mixture has an influence on the final mechanical properties of HPC mixture. Four concrete mixtures with same com-ponent proportion was chosen for experiments. Water was the only one component, that was changing in mixture recipes. Steel fibres with a ratio of...
Influence of Thermomechanical Processing Parameters on Selected Properties of B-post Made of 22MnB5 Steel
Sylvia Kusmierczak, Radek Srb
Manufacturing Technology 2023, 23(6):837-845 | DOI: 10.21062/mft.2023.105
With regard to the current economic situation, which deals primarily with energy prices, companies are trying to find reserves within individual technologies. The automotive industry is still a very important industry. One of the ways to improve the material properties of a body part is thermomechanical processing. This is how the B-pillar, which serves as a safety structural element of the car, was processed. The presented article aims to investigate the influence of selected thermomechanical processing parameters on the resulting properties of a B-pillar made of high-strength steel 22MnB5. At the same time, energy saving in the given production process...
FEM Simulation of the Flange Turning in the Production of Aluminium Aerosol Cans
Csaba Felhő, István Sztankovics, Zsolt Maros, Krisztina Kun-Bodnár
Manufacturing Technology 2023, 23(6):810-818 | DOI: 10.21062/mft.2023.104
Even today, there is an ever-increasing demand for the production of aerosol cans made of aluminium, as the cosmetics and other propellant-enriched products stored in them reach more and more people with the development of humanity. The production of these packaging materials is primarily carried out by plastic forming operations. However, during the production process of aluminium aerosol cans, tools with a defined edge geometry also perform cutting operations. The processes taking place here affect the quality of the final product. In this paper, the procedure and results of finite element modelling of the flange turning of aluminium aerosol cans...
Melt Rheology of High-Density Polyethylene (HDPE) and Polypropylene (PP) using Single-Screw Extruder
Fadi Alzarzouri, Jan Skočilas
Manufacturing Technology 2023, 23(6):752-757 | DOI: 10.21062/mft.2023.103
Melt rheological properties of HDPE and PP were studied using single-screw extruder equipped by capillary rheometer head. The rheological experiments were carried out at 210°C, 220°C, and 230°C. The screw rota-tional speed varied from 5 to 130 RPM. Power law index (n), consistency index (K), and flow activation ener-gy (E) were determined. The results showed that n values at 210°C, 220°C, and 230°C for HDPE were 0.72, 0.73 and 0.76 respectively, and for PP were 0.40, 0.44, and 0.45. The consistency index (K) values for HDPE and PP decreased with the increased in temperature and the flow activation energy of PP was greater than that of HDPE.
Precision Forming Process Analysis and Forming Process Simulation of Integrated Structural Gear for New Energy Vehicles
Liyong Zhang, Tianle Zheng, Tongjie Li, Juan Wang, Changlu Wang, Yehu Jiang, Chengyu Li, Fengxia Yuan, Zhihua Yao
Manufacturing Technology 2023, 23(6):958-966 | DOI: 10.21062/mft.2023.102
New energy vehicles driven by electric motors have higher requirements for the lightweight and high reliability of their gear transmission devices. It is now necessary to optimize the precision forming process of their structural gears. The integrated structure gear without undercut produced by precision forming technology can reduce axial size while improving the strength and reliability of gear parts. Based on the performance requirements of integrated structural gear parts in practical applications, a process plan of "hot forging forming +cold trimming tooth shape" was developed, and compared with existing hot extrusion forming plans. Simulation...
Design Modification of the Combi-type Body Considering the Impact on Vehicle Aerodynamics – Case Study
Michal Fabian, Róbert Huňady, Orlando Lagos
Manufacturing Technology 2023, 23(6):801-809 | DOI: 10.21062/mft.2023.099
Car manufacturers are constantly looking for new options to make the vehicle more attractive to the cus-tomer. In terms of design, this is usually done in the middle of a model's life cycle, when a so-called facelift of a production model is carried out. This involves small changes to the shape of the bodywork to improve the design of the vehicle until it is time for a new model range. This paper discusses a case study that focuses on the modification of the rear body components of a ŠKODA Superb III in Combi version. The aim of the study is to assess how the proposed modifications will affect the aerodynamics of the vehicle. The most sig-nificant...
Cooling Ability of Smooth and Dimpled Surfaces determined by Experiment and Numerical Simulation
Lenka Dobsakova, The Duy Nguyen
Manufacturing Technology 2023, 23(6):781-787 | DOI: 10.21062/mft.2023.097
The study of the cooling process of a gun barrel is of great importance in the field of ballistics and weaponry. This is because the cooling process directly impacts the gun's accuracy, precision, and longevity. To minimize these effects, the geometry of the barrel is optimized, among other things. The article examines the cooling process of the copper plate and barrel with a structured surface. The study aims to determine the structured surface's effects on heat transfer through radiation and convective components. The work focuses on conducting experiments and numerical simulations to observe and evaluate the cooling process of the studied objects...